Shadow Fleet

Marine vessels involved in the transportation of sanctioned oil
Total number:
1404
Marine vessels
534
Masters
Updated: 07.05.2026
The shadow tanker fleet transports growing volumes of sanctioned oil around the world, generates billions of dollars in revenue for russia and Iran, threatens environmental safety in the oceans, serves as a spy platform, and is used for sabotage activities in the interests of the aggressor.
The sanctioned countries are looking for new markets for oil, building up their tanker fleet to circumvent restrictions, and shipping crude oil mainly to China and India.
The shadow tanker fleet with a total deadweight of more than 100 million tons (approximately 17% of the world`s oil tanker fleet) consists of more than a thousand mostly outdated, poorly maintained vessels without proper insurance, with ‘confusing’ ownership and management structures located in ‘friendly’ jurisdictions, under ‘convenient’ flags. Such vessels resort to deceptive tactics at sea to conceal the origin of their cargo, threaten ‘environmental chaos’ and billions of dollars in losses to coastal countries by passing through busy, narrow international transportation routes without pilotage. Since the beginning of russia`s full-scale invasion of Ukraine, shadow tankers have already been involved in more than 50 incidents from the Danish Straits to Malaysia.
 
 
 
 
Category
Sanctions
 
 
DWT: 88 516 тис.тоннTotal: 854
PHOENIX
Vessel name
PHOENIX
IMO
9332810
Flag (Current)
russian federation russian federation
Vessel Type
Crude Oil Tanker
Category
Transportation of fossil fuels in violation of sanctions and other restrictions
icon arrow-tree Transporting russian crude oil / petroleum products
During the G7+ oil embargo and price cap policy on russian crude oil/petroleum products, the tanker is involved in the export of russian crude oil/petroleum products from russian ports to third countries.
In January and October 2024, the tanker transported wet cargo (Urals crude oil) of PJSC "NK Rosneft" from the port of Primorsk to India (for Vadinar Refinery). In May 2024, the tanker exported crude oil (seller in particular, PJSC Lukoil) from the Sheshkharis terminal of the port of Novorossiysk for export to India (for Jamnagar Refinery).
In February 2025, the tanker transported wet cargo (Urals crude oil) of PJSC "NK "Rosneft" from the port of Primorsk to India (for Jamnagar Refinery).
The tanker's previous managers were the Turkish company Unic Tanker Ship Management, which managed oil and chemical tankers received from the Indian company Gatik Ship Management, one of the leading operators of the "shadow" fleet, and Gatik Ship Management itself. Since the start of russia's full-scale war against Ukraine, the Indian company Gatik Ship Management has become the largest transporter of russian oil and has been used to operate the russian "shadow" fleet under sanctions.
Constant changes in ship owners and managers in order to avoid sanctions and conceal the true beneficiaries of the ships are typical for the so-called "shadow" fleet involved in russian trade in oil and oil products.
On October 17, 2024, the United Kingdom imposed sanctions on the tanker IMO 9332810 for its involvement in the transport of russian crude oil and/or petroleum products from the russian federation to third countries.
On February 21, 2025, Canada imposed sanctions on the vessel.
On February 25 and March 4, 2025, the EU and Switzerland, respectively, imposed sanctions on the tanker for transporting crude oil/petroleum products originating in or exported from russia, using irregular shipping practices with a high degree of risk, as specified in Resolution A.1192 (33) of the General Assembly of the International Maritime Organization.
On April 11, 2025, according to the Estonian Navy, the sanctioned tanker IMO 9332810, which was flying no flag, was sailing from the Indian port of Sikka to the russian port of Ust-Luga and was detained in Estonian waters for the purpose of checking the ship's documents and its legal status. There were 24 crew members on board, and the master was a Chinese citizen. The Estonian Navy found more than 40 violations, including sailing without a valid flag. After the ship rectified these violations, it was released.
On June 19, 2025, New Zealand imposed sanctions on the vessel.
Between September 22 and 25, 2025, the tanker was off the coast of Denmark and may have been involved in the launch of UAVs spotted over Danish military facilities. On the night of September 22, 2025, three large UAVs flew over Copenhagen Airport, turning their lights on and off, causing the airport to close for nearly four hours. Oslo Airport in Norway was also closed for approximately three hours after a single UAV was spotted. The Danish Armed Forces and the National Operations Headquarters, as well as partners from Sweden and Norway, were involved in the investigation. According to law enforcement officials, the UAVs approached from different directions and were spotted at several locations. One theory is that the UAVs were launched from a ship or ships near Denmark, giving the country's military limited time to respond. Although the identity of the UAVs is not definitively known, such UAVs can be launched from a catapult that can be easily transported on a large sea vessel. The Danish Air Service of the Security and Intelligence Service and the Copenhagen Police described the flights as "professionally executed" and demonstratively provocative. Based on previous involvement in suspicious activity and suspected presence in the area, the investigation is focusing on three ships that could have been used as launch platforms, including the Russian-flagged Astrol 1 (IMO 9906544), which was passing through the Øresund strait at the time, Boracay (IMO 9332810), identified as a tanker belonging to the russian shadow fleet, which was approximately 80 kilometers from the airport at the time of the incident, and Oslo Carrier 3 (IMO 9366146), a cargo ship with a russian crew, which was passing just seven kilometers north of the airport at the very moment when the UAVs were detected over the airport. Tanker IMO 9332810 was moving south along the west coast of Denmark on the evening of September 24, 2025, when other UAVs were reported flying north of the city of Esbjerg and near several nearby airports. On October 1, 2025, tanker IMO 9332810 was en route from the russian oil terminal in Primorsk near St. Petersburg, carrying 750,000 barrels of crude oil, to Vadinar in India. Off the coast of Brittany in northwestern France, the tanker was intercepted by a French naval vessel and redirected to Saint-Nazaire in western France for inspection by the French authorities due to "suspicion of violation". It was reported that the Brest prosecutor's office is investigating the tanker's case due to "the absence of documents confirming the nationality of the vessel and its flag", as well as "refusal to comply with the instructions of the authorities". The French authorities temporarily detained two members of the tanker's crew — the ship's master and his first mate (the master is a citizen of the PRC, the crew are citizens of the PRC, Myanmar, and Bangladesh. Shortly before leaving the port of Ust-Luga, two russian citizens named Alexander and Maxim joined the crew as technical workers. One of them is a former police officer who previously worked for the russian private military company Wagner. These russian citizens do not have social media profiles, and their actions on board the tanker IMO 9332810 are unclear). On October 3, 2025, the ship continued its course. The President of France did not confirm the ship's involvement in the launch of the UAV in Denmark. At the same time, it is known that Denmark is investigating the involvement of tanker IMO 933281 in the launch of the UAV.
On December 4, 2025, Australia imposed sanctions on the tanker.
On December 13, 2025, Ukraine imposed sanctions on the vessel.
On January 1, 2026, the tanker changed its name and flag to the russian federation.
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RORA
Vessel name
RORA
IMO
9288722
Flag (Current)
Cameroon Cameroon
Vessel Type
Crude Oil Tanker
Category
Transportation of fossil fuels in violation of sanctions and other restrictions
icon arrow-tree Transporting russian crude oil / petroleum products
During the period of the G7 and EU oil embargo and the price-cap policy on russian oil, the tanker is involved in the export of russian oil (oil products) to third countries.
The vessel is affiliated with one of the leading operators of the so-called 'shadow' fleet, the sanctioned company Radiating World Shipping Services LLC, as the previous manager of the tankers. In order to circumvent the sanctions, Radiating World Shipping Services 're-registered' its fleet to related companies. The constant change of owners and managers of vessels to avoid sanctions and conceal the true beneficiaries of the vessels is typical for the so-called 'shadow' fleet involved in the russian oil and oil products trade.
On October 17, 2024, the United Kingdom imposed sanctions on the tanker ІМО 9288722.
On February 21, 2025, Canada imposed sanctions on the vessel.
Since February 25, March 04, 2025 EU and Switzerland respectively have imposed sanctions on the tanker for transporting crude oil/oil products originating in or exported from russia using irregular and high-risk shipping practices as specified in the International Maritime Organization General Assembly resolution A.1192 (33).
On June 19, 2025, New Zealand imposed sanctions on the vessel.
On December 4, 2025, Australia imposed sanctions on the tanker.
Since December 13, 2025, Ukraine has imposed sanctions on the vessel.
On February 21, 2026, Ukraine imposed sanctions on the master of the vessel.
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RANGE VALE
Vessel name
RANGE VALE
IMO
9299898
Flag (Current)
Sierra Leone Sierra Leone
Vessel Type
Crude Oil Tanker
Category
Transportation of fossil fuels in violation of sanctions and other restrictions
icon arrow-tree Transporting russian crude oil / petroleum products
The tanker is involved in the export of russian oil (oil products) from russian ports, in particular in the Baltic Sea, to third countries.
The vessel is affiliated with the UAE-based sanctioned company Radiating World Shipping Services LLC. The company was established in 2022, is one of the leading operators of the so-called ‘shadow’ fleet, and in early 2023 was one of the three largest carriers of russian oil, along with Fractal Marine Shipping (UAE) and Gatik Ship Management (India). At that time, the fleet of Fractal Marine Shipping, Radiating World Shipping Services and Gatik Ship Management comprised about 90 tankers, 90% of which transported oil and oil products from the Baltic and Black Sea ports of russia to India, China, Turkey, the Middle East, Africa and South America.
In December 2023, the United Kingdom imposed sanctions on Radiating World Shipping Services LLC (UAE), which is transferring its tankers to other newly established related companies to avoid sanctions.
The constant change of owners and managers of vessels to avoid sanctions and conceal the true beneficiaries of the vessels is typical for the so-called ‘shadow’ fleet involved in the russian oil and oil products trade.
On 17 October 2024, the United Kingdom imposed sanctions on the tanker ІМО 9299898, in connection with the transportation of russian oil and/or oil products from the russian federation to third countries.
Since December 17 and 23, 2024, the EU and Switzerland have imposed sanctions on the tanker due to the transportation of crude oil or petroleum products originating in or exported from russia, using irregular high-risk shipping practices as set out in the International Maritime Organization General Assembly Resolution A.1192(33); in relation to contributing to, supporting actions or policies aimed at the exploitation, development or expansion of the energy sector in russia, including energy infrastructure.
On February 21, 2025, Canada imposed sanctions on the vessel.
On June 19, 2025, New Zealand imposed sanctions on the vessel.
On December 4, 2025, Australia imposed sanctions on the tanker.
Since December 13, 2025, Ukraine has imposed sanctions on the vessel.
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AURO
Vessel name
AURO
IMO
9288708
Flag (Current)
Comoros Comoros
Vessel Type
Crude Oil Tanker
Category
Transportation of fossil fuels in violation of sanctions and other restrictions
icon arrow-tree Transporting russian crude oil / petroleum products
The tanker during the period of the G7 and EU oil embargo and price-cap policy on russian crude oil/oil products is involved in the export of russian crude oil/oil products to third countries.
The vessel is affiliated with the sanctioned company Radiating World Shipping Services LLC, which was the tanker's manager. In order to circumvent the sanctions, Radiating World Shipping Services 're-registered' its fleet to related companies. The constant change of owners and managers of vessels to avoid sanctions and conceal the true beneficiaries of the vessels is typical for the so-called 'shadow' fleet involved in the russian crude oil/oil products trade.
On October 17, 2024, the United Kingdom imposed sanctions on tankers of the russian so-called 'shadow' fleet, including the tanker IMO 9288708.
On February 21, 2025, Canada imposed sanctions on the vessel.
On February 24, March 04, 2025 EU and Switzerland respectively imposed sanctions on the tanker for transporting crude oil/oil products originating in or exported from russia using irregular and high-risk shipping practices as specified in the International Maritime Organization General Assembly resolution A.1192 (33) (EU sanctions will enter into force on February 25, 2025).
Since December 13, 2025, Ukraine has imposed sanctions on the vessel.
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KOUSAI
Vessel name
KOUSAI
IMO
9285835
Flag (Current)
Sierra Leone Sierra Leone
Vessel Type
Crude Oil Tanker
Category
Transportation of fossil fuels in violation of sanctions and other restrictions
icon arrow-tree Transporting russian crude oil / petroleum products
The tanker is involved in violation of the G7 and EU oil embargo on the export of russian crude oil to the EU and the export of russian oil to third countries. The vessel exported russian crude oil from the russian port of Primorsk in the Baltic Sea in May 2024 and transported it to a transshipment point near the port of Nador (Morocco) and the Spanish port of Melilla.
The vessel is affiliated with a sanctioned company One Moon Marine Services LLC (UAE) with a non-transparent organizational and ownership structure.
One Moon Marine Services LLC is involved in a network of companies along with other UAE-based companies - Alqutb Alshamali Marine, Almuhit Alhadi Marine, Oceanlink Maritime, Symphony Marine - to which tankers carrying russian oil (oil products) were 'registered', managed, in particular, by one of the leading operators of the so-called 'shadow' fleet - the sanctioned company Radiating World Shipping Services. The constant change of owners and managers of vessels to avoid sanctions and conceal the true beneficiaries of the vessels is a typical phenomenon for the so-called 'shadow' fleet involved in the russian oil and oil products trade.
On October 17, 2024, the United Kingdom imposed sanctions on tankers of the russian so-called 'shadow' fleet, including the tanker ІМО 9285835.
On February 21, 2025, Canada imposed sanctions on the vessel.
Since February 25, March 04, 2025 EU and Switzerland respectively have imposed sanctions on the tanker for transporting crude oil/oil products originating in or exported from russia using irregular and high-risk shipping practices as specified in the International Maritime Organization General Assembly resolution A.1192 (33); promoting or supporting actions/policies aimed at the exploitation, development or expansion of the energy sector in russia, including energy infrastructure.
On June 19, 2025, New Zealand imposed sanctions on the vessel.
On December 4, 2025, Australia imposed sanctions on the tanker.
Since December 13, 2025, Ukraine has imposed sanctions on the vessel.
On February 21, 2026, Ukraine imposed sanctions on the master of the vessel.
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MELITE
Vessel name
MELITE
IMO
9288710
Flag (Current)
Cameroon Cameroon
Vessel Type
Crude Oil Tanker
Category
Transportation of fossil fuels in violation of sanctions and other restrictions
icon arrow-tree Transporting russian crude oil / petroleum products
The tanker is involved in the export of russian crude oil/oil products to third countries during the period of the G7 and EU oil embargo and price-cap policy on russian crude oil/oil products.
The vessel is affiliated with one of the leading operators of the so-called 'shadow' fleet, the sanctioned company Radiating World Shipping Services LLC, as the previous manager of the tanker. In order to circumvent the sanctions, Radiating World Shipping Services LLC 're-registered' its fleet to related companies. The constant change of owners and managers of vessels to avoid sanctions and conceal the true beneficiaries of the vessels is typical for the so-called 'shadow' fleet involved in the russian crude oil and petroleum products trade.
On October 17, 2024, the United Kingdom imposed sanctions on the tanker IMO 9288710.
On February 21, 2025, Canada imposed sanctions on the vessel.
Since February 25, March 04, 2025 EU and Switzerland respectively have imposed sanctions on the tanker for transporting crude oil/oil products originating in or exported from russia using irregular and high-risk shipping practices as specified in the International Maritime Organization General Assembly resolution A.1192 (33).
On June 19, 2025, New Zealand imposed sanctions on the vessel.
On December 4, 2025, Australia imposed sanctions on the tanker.
Since December 13, 2025, Ukraine has imposed sanctions on the vessel.
On February 21, 2026, Ukraine imposed sanctions on the master of the vessel.
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ARCADIA
Vessel name
ARCADIA
IMO
9413573
Flag (Current)
Oman Oman
Vessel Type
Crude Oil Tanker
Category
Transportation of fossil fuels in violation of sanctions and other restrictions
icon arrow-tree Transporting russian crude oil / petroleum products
The tanker is involved in the export of russian oil (petroleum products) from the port of Ust-Luga (russia) in the Baltic Sea in May-June 2024, from an unspecified port in the Black Sea due to the shutdown of AIS in October 2023 to the Indian port of Sikka.
The vessel, through related companies, in particular sanctioned Stream Ship Management FZCO, is affiliated with the sanctioned PJSC Sovcomflot, the largest state-owned shipping company in russia for the maintenance and provision of marine hydrocarbon extraction, transportation of russian oil, petroleum products, and liquefied gas. The main charterers of Sovcomflot vessels are the largest oil and gas companies and traders of russia. Sovcomflot participates in the maintenance of large oil and gas projects in russia: Sakhalin-1, Sakhalin-2, Varandey, Pryrazlomnoye, Novyy Port, Yamal LNG, others. Before the full-scale russian invasion of Ukraine, the company's fleet consisted of about 145 vessels. After the application of sanctions, PJSC Sovcomflot transferred dozens of vessels to the ownership of companies it created, including those in foreign jurisdictions, in order to circumvent them, starting the practice of constant 'juggling' (transferring) vessels to related companies. The tankers 'transferred' by PJSC Sovcomflot to related companies are, according to experts, part of the so-called 'shadow tanker fleet' of the russian federation to continue sales of russian oil, petroleum products, and liquefied gas under Western sanctions.
On October 17, 2024, United Kingdom imposed sanctions on tankers of the russian so-called "shadow fleet", including the tanker ІМО 9413573.
On January 10, 2025, USA imposed sanctions on the vessel.
On February 21, 2025, Canada imposed sanctions on the vessel.
Since February 25 and March 4, 2025, the EU and Switzerland have imposed sanctions on the tanker, respectively, for transporting crude oil/oil products originating in or exported from russia using irregular and high-risk shipping practices as specified in the International Maritime Organization General Assembly resolution A.1192 (33).
On June 19, 2025, New Zealand imposed sanctions on the vessel.
On December 4, 2025, Australia imposed sanctions on the tanker.
Since December 13, 2025, Ukraine has imposed sanctions on the vessel.
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BOND
Vessel name
BOND
IMO
9412335
Flag (Current)
Oman Oman
Vessel Type
Crude Oil Tanker
Category
Transportation of fossil fuels in violation of sanctions and other restrictions
icon arrow-tree Transporting russian crude oil / petroleum products
The tanker during the period of the G7+ oil embargo and the price cap policy on russian crude oil/oil products is involved in the export of russian crude oil/oil products from russian ports.
The vessel, through related companies, in particular Stream Ship Management FZCO, is affiliated with the sanctioned PJSC Sovcomflot, the largest state-owned shipping company in russia for the maintenance and provision of marine hydrocarbon extraction, transportation of russian oil, petroleum products, and liquefied gas. The main charterers of Sovcomflot vessels are the largest oil and gas companies and traders of russia. Sovcomflot participates in the maintenance of large oil and gas projects in russia: Sakhalin-1, Sakhalin-2, Varandey, Pryrazlomnoye, Novyy Port, Yamal LNG, others. Before the full-scale russian invasion of Ukraine, the company's fleet consisted of about 145 vessels. After the application of sanctions, PJSC Sovcomflot transferred dozens of vessels to the ownership of companies it created, including those in foreign jurisdictions, in order to circumvent them, starting the practice of constant 'juggling' (transferring) vessels to related companies. The tankers 'transferred' by PJSC Sovcomflot to related companies are, according to experts, part of the so-called 'shadow tanker fleet' of the russian federation to continue sales of russian oil, petroleum products, and liquefied gas under Western sanctions.
On October 17, 2024, United Kingdom imposed sanctions on tanker.
On December 16, 2024, EU imposed sanctions on the tanker (effective from December 17, 2024) due to the transportation of crude oil or petroleum products originating in or exported from russia, using irregular high-risk shipping practices as set out in the International Maritime Organization General Assembly Resolution A.1192(33).
On December 23, 2024, Switzerland imposed sanctions on the vessel in connection with the transportation of crude oil or petroleum products originating in or exported from russia, using irregular and risky shipping practices, as set out in the resolution of the General Assembly of the International Maritime Organization A.1192(33).
On January 10, 2025, USA imposed sanctions on the vessel.
On February 21, 2025, Canada imposed sanctions on the vessel.
Since December 13, 2025, Ukraine has imposed sanctions on the vessel.
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MARIGOLD
Vessel name
MARIGOLD
IMO
9242118
Flag (Current)
unknown
Vessel Type
Crude Oil Tanker
Category
Transportation of fossil fuels in violation of sanctions and other restrictions
icon arrow-tree Transporting russian crude oil / petroleum products
The vessel is affiliated with the company Alya Marine Sendirian Berad, which was sanctioned by USA on October 11, 2024 for engaging in a significant number of transactions involving the purchase, acquisition, sale, transportation or marketing of crude oil/petroleum products from Iran.
Since russia's full-scale invasion of Ukraine in February 2022, more than 100 vessels that previously helped Iran export oil are now helping russia transport russian crude oil and petroleum products.
Many tankers involved in transporting Iranian oil to countries such as China are also involved in Venezuelan trade, including tanker IMO 9183271. On June 11, 2022, Venezuelan leader Nicolás Maduro and former Iranian President Ebrahim Raisi signed a 20-year cooperation agreement to expand ties in the oil and petrochemical industries, as well as in the military and economic spheres. Since then, bilateral ties have begun to develop. Most cargo is transported by ships belonging to the sanctioned National Iranian Tanker Company (NITC) in both directions. A significant number of ships flying under foreign (non-Iranian) flags are also involved in this trade.
On October 11, 2024, USA imposed sanctions on the tanker as a property in which the sanctioned company Alya Marine Sendirian Berhad has an interest.
Since December 13, 2025, Ukraine has imposed sanctions on the vessel.
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ANHONA
Vessel name
ANHONA
IMO
9354521
Flag (Current)
unknown
Vessel Type
Oil Products Tanker
Category
Transportation of fossil fuels in violation of sanctions and other restrictions
icon arrow-tree Transporting russian crude oil / petroleum products
During the period of the G7 and EU oil embargo and the price-cap policy on russian crude oil, the tanker is involved in the export of russian oil from russian ports in the Baltic, Black seas, and the Pacific region.
According to the United Against Nuclear Iran (UANI), the vessel was involved in the transportation of Iranian oil and since January 2022 has switched to transporting russian oil. Since the beginning of russia's full-scale invasion of Ukraine in February 2022, more than 90 vessels that previously helped Tehran export Iranian export oil are now helping russia transport russian oil/oil products. In May 2022, UANI first predicted that russia would turn to a 'ghost armada' to ensure oil flows to its Chinese partner.
The tanker is affiliated with Harry Victor Ship Management and Operation LLC (UAE), which was sanctioned by USA on October 11, 2024 due to the company's participation in the supply of Iranian oil/oil products in the interests of Triliance Petrochemical Co. Ltd, a broker operating in Iran, China, UAE and Germany and sanctioned by USA for its assistance to the sanctioned National Iranian Oil Company.
On October 11, 2024, USA imposed sanctions on the tanker as a property in which Harry Victor Ship Management and Operation LLC has an interest.
Since December 13, 2025, Ukraine has imposed sanctions on the vessel.
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ZALIV ANIVA
Vessel name
ZALIV ANIVA
IMO
9418494
Flag (Current)
Oman Oman
Vessel Type
Crude Oil Tanker
Category
Transportation of fossil fuels in violation of sanctions and other restrictions
icon arrow-tree Transporting russian crude oil / petroleum products
The vessel is involved in the transportation of russian crude oil during the period of the G7 and EU oil embargo and price-cap policy on russian oil to third countries.
The vessel, through its related companies, including Stream Ship Management FZCO, is affiliated with the sanctioned PJSC Sovcomflot, the largest state-owned shipping company in russia for the maintenance and provision of marine hydrocarbon extraction, transportation of russian oil, petroleum products, and liquefied gas. The main charterers of Sovcomflot vessels are the largest oil and gas companies and traders of russia. Sovcomflot participates in the maintenance of large oil and gas projects in russia: Sakhalin-1, Sakhalin-2, Varandey, Pryrazlomnoye, Novyy Port, Yamal LNG, others. Before the full-scale russian invasion of Ukraine, the company's fleet consisted of about 145 vessels. After the application of sanctions, PJSC Sovcomflot transferred dozens of vessels to the ownership of companies it created, including those in foreign jurisdictions, in order to circumvent them, starting the practice of constant 'juggling' (transferring) vessels to related companies. The tankers 'transferred' by PJSC Sovcomflot to related companies are, according to experts, part of the so-called 'shadow tanker fleet' of the russian federation to continue sales of russian oil, petroleum products, and liquefied gas under Western sanctions.
On 11 September 2024, the United Kingdom imposed sanctions on 10 oil tankers (including ІМО 9418494) related to the transportation of oil or oil products from russia to third countries.
On January 10, 2025, USA imposed sanctions on the vessel.
On February 24, March 04, 2025 EU and Switzerland respectively imposed sanctions on the tanker for transporting crude oil/oil products originating in or exported from russia using irregular and high-risk shipping practices as specified in the International Maritime Organization General Assembly resolution A.1192 (33) (EU sanctions will enter into force on February 25, 2025).
On February 21, 2025, Canada imposed sanctions on the vessel.
On June 19, 2025, New Zealand imposed sanctions on the vessel.
On December 4, 2025, Australia imposed sanctions on the tanker.
Since December 13, 2025, Ukraine has imposed sanctions on the vessel.
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ARROW
Vessel name
ARROW
IMO
9413561
Flag (Current)
Oman Oman
Vessel Type
Crude Oil Tanker
Category
Transportation of fossil fuels in violation of sanctions and other restrictions
icon arrow-tree Transporting russian crude oil / petroleum products
The vessel is involved in the transportation of russian crude oil during the period of the G7 and EU oil embargo and price-cap policy on russian oil to third countries.
The vessel, through its related companies, including Stream Ship Management FZCO, is affiliated with the sanctioned PJSC Sovcomflot, the largest state-owned shipping company in russia for the maintenance and provision of marine hydrocarbon extraction, transportation of russian oil, petroleum products, and liquefied gas. The main charterers of Sovcomflot vessels are the largest oil and gas companies and traders of russia. Sovcomflot participates in the maintenance of large oil and gas projects in russia: Sakhalin-1, Sakhalin-2, Varandey, Pryrazlomnoye, Novyy Port, Yamal LNG, others. Before the full-scale russian invasion of Ukraine, the company's fleet consisted of about 145 vessels. After the application of sanctions, PJSC Sovcomflot transferred dozens of vessels to the ownership of companies it created, including those in foreign jurisdictions, in order to circumvent them, starting the practice of constant 'juggling' (transferring) vessels to related companies. The tankers 'transferred' by PJSC Sovcomflot to related companies are, according to experts, part of the so-called 'shadow tanker fleet' of the russian federation to continue sales of russian oil, petroleum products, and liquefied gas under Western sanctions.
On 11 September 2024, United Kingdom imposed sanctions on 10 oil tankers (including ІМО 9413561) related to the transportation of oil or oil products from russia to third countries.
On December 16, 2024, EU imposed sanctions on the tanker (effective from December 17, 2024) due to the transportation of crude oil or petroleum products originating in or exported from russia, using irregular high-risk shipping practices as set out in the International Maritime Organization General Assembly Resolution A.1192(33).
On December 23, 2024, Switzerland imposed sanctions on the vessel in connection with the transportation of crude oil or petroleum products originating in or exported from russia, using irregular and risky shipping practices, as set out in the resolution of the General Assembly of the International Maritime Organization A.1192(33).
On February 21, 2025, Canada imposed sanctions on the vessel.
On December 4, 2025, Australia imposed sanctions on the tanker.
Since December 13, 2025, Ukraine has imposed sanctions on the vessel.
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