Marine vessels

During the period of the G7 and EU oil embargo and the price cap policy on russian crude oil/petroleum products, the tanker was involved in the export of russian crude oil/petroleum products using deceptive, high-risk practices, and made calls to the ports of the TOT of Crimea of Ukraine, in particular, in April 2025. In 2023, 2024, by order of Tejarinaft FZCO and Nexus Oil Trading FZCO, the tanker was involved in the export of russian oil products (almost 93 thousand tons in total) from the russian port of Tuapse, where the production complex belonging to the sanctioned PJSC Rosneft Oil Company, the Tuapse Oil Refinery with a sea terminal, is located. The shipper of the cargo was Amur Trading FZCO. In August 2024, after leaving the russian port of Novorossiysk, in the area of Port Said- Suez Canal Anchorage (Egypt), tanker IMO 9260263 made an STS transfer with tanker IMO 9258014, which is considered part of the shadow fleet, which has been switching to the transportation of russian crude oil/petroleum products since July 2022, and was previously involved in the transportation of Iranian crude oil/petroleum products. In October 2024, after leaving the russian port of Novorossiysk, in the area near Greece, tanker IMO 9260263 made an STS transfer with tanker IMO 9222560, which is considered part of the shadow fleet involved in the export of russian crude oil/petroleum products. In February 2025, after leaving the Kerch Strait area, where the vessel was engaged in dark activities, in the area near Greece, tanker IMO 9260263 made an STS transfer with tanker IMO 9402732 of the VLCC class, affiliated with the Indian company Gatik Ship Management, one of the leading operators of the so-called "shadow" fleet involved in the transportation of russian crude oil/petroleum products in 2022-2023 under Western sanctions. In March 2025, after leaving the russian port of Tuapse, tanker IMO 9260263 performed an STS transfer with tanker IMO 9402732 of the VLCC class near Greece.

During the period of the G7 and EU oil embargo and the price cap policy on russian crude oil/petroleum products, the tanker was involved in the export of russian crude oil/petroleum products, bunkering of sanctioned vessels with russian affiliation, and shadow fleet vessels in the russian EEZ in the Black Sea, the Sea of Azov, and the Kerch Strait. In January and February 2023, the tanker was involved in the export of russian oil products from the russian port of Tuapse, where a production complex belonging to the sanctioned PJSC Rosneft Oil Company, the Tuapse Oil Refinery with a sea terminal, is located. The sender of the cargo was the sanctioned russian Rosneft, and the recipient was Tejarinaft FZCO. In November 2024, in the waters of the Azov Sea to the north of the Kerch Strait, the tanker bunkered the sanctioned vessel IMO 9851127, affiliated with the sanctioned russian shipping company Paula Rise LLC, which was sanctioned by the United States in February 2023 for its activities in the maritime sector of the russian economy, participation in increasing russia's trade with Turkey and facilitating the supply of materials to construction sites in the Arctic; the transfer of cargo with the tanker IMO 9262924, which is considered part of the shadow fleet of the russian federation and was sanctioned by the United Kingdom in February 2025. In October 2024, in the waters of the Azov Sea to the north of the Kerch Strait, the tanker bunkered tanker IMO 9224441, affiliated with the sanctioned PJSC Sovcomflot, the largest state-owned shipping company in russia for servicing and supporting offshore hydrocarbon production, transportation of russian oil, petroleum products, and liquefied gas, whose main charterers are the largest oil and gas companies and traders in russia; the tanker IMO 9222560, which is considered to be part of the shadow fleet involved in the export of russian crude oil/petroleum products using deceptive, high-risk practices, calling at the ports of the TOT of Crimea in Ukraine. The tanker is affiliated with the Indian companies Maritas Fleet PVT LTD, Bravo Ship Management Pvt Ltd, which were the former ISM managers of the tanker. Maritas Fleet PVT LTD and Bravo Ship Management Pvt Ltd are associated with the management of tankers affiliated with the sanctioned company Hennesea Holdings Limited (UAE), which shortly before the price cap policy came into force acquired 18 oil tankers transporting russian sanctioned crude oil/petroleum products and was sanctioned by the USA for violating the price cap.

During the period of the G7 and EU oil embargo and the price cap policy on russian crude oil/petroleum products, the tanker is involved in the export of russian crude oil/petroleum products mainly from russian ports in the Black Sea, including through STS transfers with tankers of the russian shadow fleet. Transshipment of crude oil/petroleum products of russian origin by STS method at sea allows concealing the ownership and origin of the cargo, legalizing their supply to the EU, the USA and other countries. In turn, the sale of crude oil/petroleum products on the world market allows accumulating significant financial resources in the state budget of the russian federation, which are used, among other things, to build up the military potential of the aggressor state and to provide material support for russia's military operations on the territory of Ukraine. In May 2023, after leaving the russian port of Tuapse, tanker IMO 9290828 made an STS transfer with tanker IMO 9289776, affiliated with the Indian company Gatik Ship Management, which in 2022-2023 was one of the top players in the shadow tanker fleet involved in the export of russian crude oil/petroleum products under Western sanctions. At the end of April 2023, tanker IMO 9290828 exported russian oil products (more than 30 thousand tons) from the port of Tuapse, the sender of the cargo was the sanctioned russian PJSC Rosneft Oil Company, the recipient was Blackford Corporation Limited. In September 2024, after leaving the russian port of Talagi, in December 2024, near the port of Augusta (Italy) and in the area near Greece, tanker IMO 9290828 carried out an STS transfer with tanker IMO 9289776. Then tanker IMO 9290828 made several STS transmissions in the same area: On January 02, 2025, with tanker IMO 9253234, affiliated with the Indian company Gatik Ship Management, and on January 08, 2025, with tanker IMO 9247443. In February 2025, after leaving the russian port of Novorossiysk, tanker IMO 9290828 made an STS transfer with tanker IMO 9247443 in the area near Cyprus. In April 2025, after departing from the port of Tuapse, tanker IMO 9290828 made an STS transfer with tanker IMO 9247443 in the area near Cyprus. Since July 2024, tanker IMO 9247443, without proper insurance of the International P&I Club, has been operating in the area of Greece, Cyprus as a floating transshipment STS hub of russian wet cargo delivered to the area of Greece, Cyprus for transshipment mainly from the russian ports of Tuapse, Novorossiysk, as well as from the Taman crude oil/petroleum products transshipment complex, Primorsk, Ust-Luga. Such deliveries from russian ports for further transshipment via tanker IMO 9247443 in European waters are carried out by a number of tankers, including those affiliated with the Indian company Gatik Ship Management. In February 2025, in the area near Cyprus, tanker IMO 9290828 carried out an STS transfer with tanker IMO 9422988, which was sanctioned by the United States in March 2025. On May 09, 2025, the United Kingdom imposed sanctions on the tanker as part of the restrictions on the shadow fleet of the russian federation, including for engaging in activities aimed at destabilizing Ukraine, undermining/threatening the territorial integrity, sovereignty or independence of Ukraine or benefiting from or supporting the government of russia, and participating in the transportation of crude oil/petroleum products of russian origin, in particular, from russia to a third country.

During the period of the G7 and EU oil embargo and the price cap policy on russian crude oil/petroleum products, the tanker is involved in the export of russian crude oil/petroleum products mainly from russian ports in the Black Sea, including through STS transfers with shadow fleet tankers and vessels, affiliated with the russian sanctioned PAO Sovcomflot, the largest state-owned shipping company in russia that services and supports offshore hydrocarbon production, transportation of russian oil, oil products, and liquefied natural gas, whose main charterers are the largest oil and gas companies and traders in russia. Transshipment of crude oil/petroleum products of russian origin at sea using the STS method allows concealing the ownership and origin of the cargo, and legalizing their supply to the EU, the US and other countries. In turn, the sale of crude oil/petroleum products on the world market allows accumulating significant financial resources in the state budget of the russian federation, which are used, among other things, to build up the military potential of the aggressor state and to provide material support for russia's military operations on the territory of Ukraine. The tanker makes calls at the ports of the TOT Crimea of Ukraine (in particular, in March 2025), the Sheskharis terminal (port of Novorossiysk), which is a transshipment complex, the end point of the main pipelines of Chernomortransneft JSC (TIN: 2315072242, under US sanctions), a subsidiary of the sanctioned russian PJSC Transneft (TIN: 7706061801), the Taman crude oil/petroleum products transshipment complex, systematically engages in dark activities near russian ports in the Black Sea, the Sea of Azov, and the Kerch Strait. In March 2025, after leaving the Kerch Strait area, where the vessel had been conducting dark activities for a long time, the tanker made an STS transfer near Greece with the IMO 9402732 VLCC-class tanker affiliated with the Indian company Gatik Ship Management, one of the leading operators of the so-called "shadow" fleet involved in the transportation of russian crude oil/petroleum products under Western sanctions in 2022-2023. In December 2024, January, March 2025, in the Temryuk Bay area, tanker IMO 9263198 made an STS transfer with tanker IMO 9224441, which is affiliated with the sanctioned PJSC Sovcomflot through related companies, including the sanctioned Sun Ship Management, SCF Management Services LTD. In December 2024, February 2025, in the Kerch Strait and the russian port of Gelendzhik, respectively, tanker IMO 9263198 carried out an STS transfer with tanker IMO 9258167, affiliated with the sanctioned PJSC Sovcomflot. In December 2024, in the Kerch Strait area, tanker IMO 9263198 conducted an STS transmission with tanker IMO 9236640, which is considered part of the shadow fleet and was subject to US sanctions in January 2025. In December 2024, in the Kerch Strait area, tanker IMO 9263198 bunkered the vessel IMO 9715270, which was involved in the export of Ukrainian grain from the port of Sevastopol (TOT Crimea, Ukraine) to Iran and Syria. In July 2024 and April 2023, the tanker IMO 9263198 was involved in the export of russian oil products (over 65 thousand tons in total) from the russian port of Tuapse, where the production complex belonging to the sanctioned PJSC Rosneft Oil Company, the Tuapse Oil Refinery with a sea terminal, is located. The sender of the cargo was the sanctioned russian company Rosneft, and the shipment was also made at the request of Turkiye Petrol Rafinerileri A.S. The recipient of the cargo was Guron Trading Limited (Hong Kong), which was sanctioned by the United States in January 2025 as part of the restrictions on traders in russian oil, and at the request of Square Energy DMCC. On May 09, 2025, the United Kingdom imposed sanctions on the tanker as part of the restrictions on the shadow fleet of the russian federation, including for engaging in activities aimed at destabilizing Ukraine, undermining/threatening the territorial integrity, sovereignty or independence of Ukraine or benefiting from or supporting the government of russia, and participating in the transportation of crude oil/petroleum products of russian origin, in particular, from russia to a third country.

The tanker, during the period of the G7 and EU oil embargo and the price cap policy on russian crude activoil/petroleum products, is systematically involved in the export of russian crude oil/petroleum products from the russian ports of Tuapse and Novorossiysk in the Black Sea, including the use of deceptive, high-risk practices (disabling AIS, conducting dark activities near russian ports in the Black Sea, in the area south of the Kerch Strait, and conducting STS transmissions with russian affiliations). In March 2023, the tanker was involved in the export of russian oil products (over 30 thousand tons) from the russian port of Tuapse, where the production complex belonging to the sanctioned PJSC Rosneft Oil Company, the Tuapse Oil Refinery with a sea terminal, is located. The sender of the cargo was the sanctioned russian Rosneft, and the recipient was Bellatrix Energy Limited (Hong Kong), which was sanctioned by the United States in December 2023 for significant participation in the trade in russian crude oil/petroleum products after the implementation of the price cap policy. The tanker IMO 9263186 was involved in the chain of STS transfers of russian oil products exported from the port of Tuapse and their transportation to Libya (port of Benghazi) in September 2024 with the participation of tankers IMO 9247443, IMO 9263203. Since July 2024, the tanker IMO 9247443 without proper insurance of the International P&I Club has been operating in the area of Greece and Cyprus as a floating transshipment STS hub of russian wet cargo delivered to the area of Greece and Cyprus for transshipment mainly from the russian ports of Tuapse, Novorossiysk, as well as from the Taman crude oil/petroleum products transshipment complex, Primorsk, Ust-Luga. Such deliveries from russian ports for further transshipment via tanker IMO 9247443 in European waters are carried out by a number of tankers, including those affiliated with the Indian company Gatik Ship Management, one of the leading operators of the so-called "shadow" fleet involved in the transportation of russian crude crude oil/petroleum products in 2022-2023 under Western sanctions. On May 09, 2025, the United Kingdom imposed sanctions on the tanker as part of the restrictions on the shadow fleet of the russian federation, including for engaging in activities aimed at destabilizing Ukraine, undermining/threatening the territorial integrity, sovereignty or independence of Ukraine or benefiting from or supporting the government of russia, and participating in the transportation of crude oil/petroleum products of russian origin, in particular, from russia to a third country.

During the period of the G7 and EU oil embargo and the price cap policy on russian crude oil/petroleum products, the tanker is systematically involved in the export of russian crude oil/petroleum products from russian ports in the Baltic and Black Seas, including the use of deceptive practices (conducting dark activities near the russian ports of Ust-Luga, Novorossiysk, Tuapse, in the area south of the Kerch Strait). In April-May 2023, the tanker was involved in the export of russian fuel oil (almost 85 thousand tons) from the russian port of Tuapse, where the production complex belonging to the sanctioned PJSC Rosneft Oil Company, the Tuapse Oil Refinery with a sea terminal, is located. The sender of the cargo was the sanctioned russian Rosneft, and the recipient was Guron Trading Limited (Hong Kong), which was sanctioned by the United States in January 2025 as part of the restrictions on traders of russian oil. The international NGO Greenpeace refers to the tanker as part of the shadow fleet of tankers that transport russian oil around the world and threaten the environment.

During the period of the G7 and EU oil embargo and the price cap policy on russian crude oil/petroleum products, the tanker was systematically involved in the export of russian crude oil/petroleum products from russian ports in the Black Sea, Arctic and Pacific regions, including with the AIS turned off. In June, July, September, and October 2023, the tanker was involved in the export of several shipments of russian oil products (nearly 120 thousand tons in total) from the russian port of Tuapse, where the production complex belonging to the sanctioned PJSC Rosneft Oil Company, the Tuapse Oil Refinery with a marine terminal, is located. The sender of the cargoes was the sanctioned russian company Rosneft (one shipment), Amur Trading FZCO (three shipments), and the recipient was Tejarinaft FZCO and Tüpras Türkiye Petrol Rafinerileri A.Ş. Since January 2024, the tanker has been involved in the export of russian crude oil/petroleum products from the russian ports of Slavianka and Vanino to the Pacific region. The tanker is affiliated with the Indian companies Maritas Fleet PVT LTD, which was the former ISM manager of the tanker, and Bravo Ship Management Pvt Ltd, which was the former commercial manager of the vessel. Maritas Fleet PVT LTD and Bravo Ship Management Pvt Ltd are associated with the management of tankers affiliated with the sanctioned company Hennesea Holdings Limited (UAE), which shortly before the price cap policy came into force acquired 18 oil tankers transporting russian sanctioned crude oil/petroleum products and was sanctioned by the United States for violating the price cap.

During the period of the G7 and EU oil embargo and the price cap policy on russian crude oil/petroleum products, the tanker is systematically involved in the export of russian crude oil/petroleum products from russian ports in the Black Sea, and engages in deceptive, high-risk practices, including conducting dark activities near russian ports in the Black Sea, in the Kerch Strait, and STS transmissions with russian affiliations near European countries. The tanker calls at the ports of the TOT Crimea of Ukraine. In May 2025, the vessel called at the Sheskharis terminal (Novorossiysk), which is a transshipment complex, the end point of the main pipelines of Chernomortransneft JSC (TIN 2315072242, under USA sanctions), a subsidiary of the sanctioned russian Transneft PJSC (TIN 7706061801). In March 2025, after leaving the Kerch Strait area, where the vessel had been conducting dark activities for two days, the tanker made an STS transfer with tanker IMO 9424651, affiliated with the Moldovan company BPC SHIPMANAGEMENT SRL, which, together with a number of other Moldovan companies, is involved in the creation of part of the shadow fleet involved in the export of russian crude oil/petroleum products. In February 2025, after leaving the Kerch Strait area, where the vessel was engaged in dark activities, the tanker made an STS transmission with tanker IMO 9247443 in the area near Cyprus. Since July 2024, the tanker IMO 9247443 without proper insurance of the International P&I Club has been operating in the area of Greece, Cyprus as a floating transshipment STS hub of russian wet cargo delivered to the area of Greece, Cyprus for transshipment mainly from the russian ports of Tuapse, Novorossiysk, as well as from the Taman crude oil/petroleum products transshipment complex, Primorsk, Ust-Luga. Such deliveries from russian ports for further transshipment via tanker IMO 9247443 in European waters are carried out by a number of tankers, including those affiliated with the Indian company Gatik Ship Management. STS transmissions with tanker IMO 9247443 took place near Greece in December 2024, when tanker IMO 9272931 arrived in the Greek area from the russian port of Novorossiysk. The IMO tanker IMO 9272931 is involved in other STS transmissions with russian affiliation. Transshipment of crude oil/petroleum products of russian origin by STS method at sea allows concealing the ownership and origin of the cargo, legalizing their supply to the EU, the USA and other countries. In turn, the sale of crude oil/petroleum products on the world market allows accumulating significant financial resources in the state budget of the russian federation, which are used, among other things, to build up the military potential of the aggressor state and to provide material support for russia's military operations on the territory of Ukraine. In March and April 2023, the tanker was involved in the export of russian oil products (more than 60 thousand tons) from the russian port of Tuapse, where the production complex belonging to the sanctioned PJSC Rosneft Oil Company, the Tuapse Oil Refinery with a sea terminal, is located. The sender of the cargo was the sanctioned russian Rosneft, the recipient was Bellatrix Energy Limited (Hong Kong), which was sanctioned by the United States in December 2023 for significant participation in the trade in russian crude oil/petroleum products after the implementation of the price restriction policy, and Blackford Corporation Limited. The tanker is affiliated with Ark Seakonnect Shipmanagment, which in 2023, together with Caishan Ship Management, Plutos Ship Management, Gaurik Ship Management, Girik Ship Management, Galena Ship Management, Orion Ship Management, Geras Ship Management, Zidan Ship Management, was involved in a scheme to "juggle" vessels operated by Gatik Ship Management, one of the leading operators of the shadow fleet involved in the transportation of russian crude oil/petroleum products under Western sanctions.

The tanker is involved in the export of russian crude oil/petroleum products from russian ports during the period of the G7 and EU oil embargo and the price cap policy on russian crude oil/petroleum products: until July 2024, in the Black Sea (in particular, from the Sheskharis terminal (Novorossiysk), which is a transshipment complex, the end point of the main pipelines of Chernomortransneft JSC (TIN: 2315072242, under USA sanctions), a subsidiary of the sanctioned russian Transneft PJSC (TIN: 7706061801), in the Baltic Sea, including with the use of deceptive practices (disabling AIS, conducting dark activities near the russian port of Ust-Luga), and since January 2025 - russian ports in the Pacific region. In January and February 2023, the tanker was involved in the export of consignments of russian oil products (almost 60 thousand tons in total) from the russian port of Tuapse, where the production complex belonging to the sanctioned PJSC Rosneft Oil Company, the Tuapse Oil Refinery with a sea terminal, is located. The sender of the cargo was the sanctioned russian Rosneft, and the recipients were Tejarinaft FZCO, VBellatrix Energy Limited (Hong Kong), which was sanctioned by the United States in December 2023 for significant participation in the trade in russian crude oil/petroleum products after the introduction of a price restriction policy.

During the period of the G7 and EU oil embargo and the price cap policy on russian crude oil/petroleum products, the tanker was involved in the export of russian crude oil/petroleum products from russian ports, including the use of deceptive, high-risk practices (disabling AIS, conducting dark activities, STS transmissions, including near European countries, with vessels affiliated with operators of the shadow fleet of the russian federation). In February, October 2023, and January 2024, the tanker was involved in the export of several consignments of petroleum products (over 100 thousand tons in total) (ordered by Tejarinaft FZCO, Voliton DMCC) from the russian port of Tuapse, where the production complex belonging to the sanctioned PJSC Rosneft Oil Company, the Tuapse Refinery with a sea terminal, is located. The shippers of the cargoes were the sanctioned russian Rosneft (two consignments) and Amur Trading FZCO (one consignment). Voliton DMCC (UAE, formerly known as Petrokim Trading Middle East & Asia DMCC) was subject to USA sanctions as part of restrictions against shipowners and vessels involved in the transportation of russian crude oil in excess of the price cap. Voliton DMCC and Guron Trading Limited are believed to be affiliated with Etibar Eyub, who, together with other associated companies, has become the main intermediary of Rosneft in the export of russian crude oil/petroleum products. The tanker has been involved in numerous STS transfers in the Kerch Strait, Greece. In March 2023, in the area south of the Kerch Strait, tanker IMO 9258014 made an STS transfer with tanker IMO 9336426, which was classified by the International NGO Greenpeace as a shadow fleet of tankers transporting russian oil around the world and threatening the environment, affiliated with the Indian company Gatik Ship Management, one of the leading operators of the so-called "shadow" fleet involved in the transportation of russian crude oil under Western sanctions, involved in the export of russian crude oil/petroleum products from russian ports in the Baltic, Black Sea, and Pacific regions. In March 2023, in the Kerch Strait area, tanker IMO 9258014 conducted an STS transfer with tanker IMO 9336426, which was subject to USA sanctions in January 2025. In March 2023, after leaving the Kerch Strait area, where the vessel was engaged in dark activities, tanker IMO 9258014 made an STS transfer with tanker IMO 9290335, which is considered part of the shadow fleet and is affiliated with the Indian company Gatik Ship Management, one of the leading operators of the so-called "shadow fleet", Since the beginning of russia's full-scale war against Ukraine, it has become the largest carrier of russian oil under sanctions, and was sanctioned by the United Kingdom in February 2025. According to the United Against Nuclear Iran, the tanker switched to transporting russian crude oil/petroleum products in July 2022, having previously been involved in the transportation of Iranian crude oil/petroleum products.

During the period of the G7 and EU oil embargo and the price cap policy on russian crude oil/petroleum products, the tanker was involved in the export of russian crude oil/petroleum products from the russian port of Tuapse in the Black Sea, where the production complex belonging to the sanctioned PJSC Rosneft Oil Company - Tuapse Oil Refinery with a sea terminal, including with the AIS turned off. In 2023, the tanker was involved in the export of ten consignments of russian oil products (over 267 thousand tons in total) from the russian port of Tuapse, the consignor of the cargoes was the sanctioned russian Rosneft (nine consignments), Amur Trading FZCO (one consignment), the consignees were Spg Trading LLC, Gms Trading Middle East DMCC, Tejarinaft FZCO, Aytemiz Akaryakit Dagitim AS. In December 2024 and April 2025, the tanker called at the russian ports of St. Petersburg and Vostochny, respectively.

During the period of the G7 and EU oil embargo and the price cap policy on russian crude oil/petroleum products, the tanker is involved in the export of russian crude oil/petroleum products mainly from russian ports in the Baltic and Black Seas, including through STS transfers with russian affiliations. Transshipment of crude oil/petroleum products of russian origin by STS method at sea allows concealing the ownership and origin of the cargo, legalizing their supply to the EU, the US and other countries. In turn, the sale of crude oil/petroleum products on the world market allows accumulating significant financial resources in the state budget of the russian federation, which are used, among other things, to build up the military potential of the aggressor state and to provide material support for russia's military operations on the territory of Ukraine. The tanker engages in dark activities in the Kerch Strait (December 2024), near russian ports in the Black Sea (December 2024, January 2023), Turkey (September 2024), and Libya (June 2024). The vessel calls at the ports of the TOT of Crimea of Ukraine, in particular, in December 2024, the tanker IMO 9253246 called at the port of Kamysh-Burun, after leaving the port of Kamysh-Burun, the tanker called at the Libyan port. In January and February 2023, the tanker was involved in the export of consignments of russian diesel oil products (almost 63 thousand tons in total) from the russian port of Tuapse, where the production complex belonging to the sanctioned Rosneft Oil Company, the Tuapse Oil Refinery with a sea terminal, is located. The sender of the cargo was the sanctioned russian Rosneft, and the recipients were Tejarinaft FZCO and Spg Trading LLC. In December 2024, in the Kerch Strait area, tanker IMO 9253246 made an STS transfer with tanker IMO 9271327, which is considered part of the shadow fleet, classified by the International NGO Greenpeace as a shadow fleet of tankers transporting russian oil around the world and threatening the environment. On January 10, 2025, the United States sanctioned tanker IMO 9271327, with which tanker IMO 9253246 had conducted an STS transmission shortly before the restrictions were imposed. In December 2024, in the Kerch Strait area, tanker IMO 9253246 conducted an STS transmission with tanker IMO 9240885. The tanker IMO 9240885 is considered part of the shadow fleet, involved in the transportation of Iranian oil, export of russian crude oil/petroleum products from russian ports, including by conducting STS transfers in the Kerch Strait area with vessels with russian affiliation (including the tanker IMO 9224441, affiliated with the sanctioned PJSC Sovcomflot, the largest state-owned shipping company in russia for servicing and supporting offshore hydrocarbon production, transportation of russian oil, oil products, and liquefied gas), makes calls to the ports of the TOT of Crimea of Ukraine (Kamysh-Burun, Kerch), in particular in December 2024, March 2025.