Shadow Fleet

The tanker is involved in the export of russian crude oil/oil products to third countries during the period of the G7 and EU oil embargo and price-cap policy on russian crude oil/oil products.
The vessel is affiliated with one of the leading operators of the so-called 'shadow' fleet, the sanctioned company Radiating World Shipping Services LLC, as the previous manager of the tanker. In order to circumvent the sanctions, Radiating World Shipping Services LLC 're-registered' its fleet to related companies. The constant change of owners and managers of vessels to avoid sanctions and conceal the true beneficiaries of the vessels is typical for the so-called 'shadow' fleet involved in the russian crude oil and petroleum products trade.
On October 17, 2024, the United Kingdom imposed sanctions on the tanker IMO 9288710.
On February 21, 2025, Canada imposed sanctions on the vessel.
Since February 25, March 04, 2025 EU and Switzerland respectively have imposed sanctions on the tanker for transporting crude oil/oil products originating in or exported from russia using irregular and high-risk shipping practices as specified in the International Maritime Organization General Assembly resolution A.1192 (33).
On June 19, 2025, New Zealand imposed sanctions on the vessel.
On December 4, 2025, Australia imposed sanctions on the tanker.
Since December 13, 2025, Ukraine has imposed sanctions on the vessel.
On February 21, 2026, Ukraine imposed sanctions on the master of the vessel.

The tanker is involved in the export of russian oil (petroleum products) from the port of Ust-Luga (russia) in the Baltic Sea in May-June 2024, from an unspecified port in the Black Sea due to the shutdown of AIS in October 2023 to the Indian port of Sikka.
The vessel, through related companies, in particular sanctioned Stream Ship Management FZCO, is affiliated with the sanctioned PJSC Sovcomflot, the largest state-owned shipping company in russia for the maintenance and provision of marine hydrocarbon extraction, transportation of russian oil, petroleum products, and liquefied gas. The main charterers of Sovcomflot vessels are the largest oil and gas companies and traders of russia. Sovcomflot participates in the maintenance of large oil and gas projects in russia: Sakhalin-1, Sakhalin-2, Varandey, Pryrazlomnoye, Novyy Port, Yamal LNG, others. Before the full-scale russian invasion of Ukraine, the company's fleet consisted of about 145 vessels. After the application of sanctions, PJSC Sovcomflot transferred dozens of vessels to the ownership of companies it created, including those in foreign jurisdictions, in order to circumvent them, starting the practice of constant 'juggling' (transferring) vessels to related companies. The tankers 'transferred' by PJSC Sovcomflot to related companies are, according to experts, part of the so-called 'shadow tanker fleet' of the russian federation to continue sales of russian oil, petroleum products, and liquefied gas under Western sanctions.
On October 17, 2024, United Kingdom imposed sanctions on tankers of the russian so-called "shadow fleet", including the tanker ІМО 9413573.
On January 10, 2025, USA imposed sanctions on the vessel.
On February 21, 2025, Canada imposed sanctions on the vessel.
Since February 25 and March 4, 2025, the EU and Switzerland have imposed sanctions on the tanker, respectively, for transporting crude oil/oil products originating in or exported from russia using irregular and high-risk shipping practices as specified in the International Maritime Organization General Assembly resolution A.1192 (33).
On June 19, 2025, New Zealand imposed sanctions on the vessel.
On December 4, 2025, Australia imposed sanctions on the tanker.
Since December 13, 2025, Ukraine has imposed sanctions on the vessel.

The tanker during the period of the G7+ oil embargo and the price cap policy on russian crude oil/oil products is involved in the export of russian crude oil/oil products from russian ports.
The vessel, through related companies, in particular Stream Ship Management FZCO, is affiliated with the sanctioned PJSC Sovcomflot, the largest state-owned shipping company in russia for the maintenance and provision of marine hydrocarbon extraction, transportation of russian oil, petroleum products, and liquefied gas. The main charterers of Sovcomflot vessels are the largest oil and gas companies and traders of russia. Sovcomflot participates in the maintenance of large oil and gas projects in russia: Sakhalin-1, Sakhalin-2, Varandey, Pryrazlomnoye, Novyy Port, Yamal LNG, others. Before the full-scale russian invasion of Ukraine, the company's fleet consisted of about 145 vessels. After the application of sanctions, PJSC Sovcomflot transferred dozens of vessels to the ownership of companies it created, including those in foreign jurisdictions, in order to circumvent them, starting the practice of constant 'juggling' (transferring) vessels to related companies. The tankers 'transferred' by PJSC Sovcomflot to related companies are, according to experts, part of the so-called 'shadow tanker fleet' of the russian federation to continue sales of russian oil, petroleum products, and liquefied gas under Western sanctions.
On October 17, 2024, United Kingdom imposed sanctions on tanker.
On December 16, 2024, EU imposed sanctions on the tanker (effective from December 17, 2024) due to the transportation of crude oil or petroleum products originating in or exported from russia, using irregular high-risk shipping practices as set out in the International Maritime Organization General Assembly Resolution A.1192(33).
On December 23, 2024, Switzerland imposed sanctions on the vessel in connection with the transportation of crude oil or petroleum products originating in or exported from russia, using irregular and risky shipping practices, as set out in the resolution of the General Assembly of the International Maritime Organization A.1192(33).
On January 10, 2025, USA imposed sanctions on the vessel.
On February 21, 2025, Canada imposed sanctions on the vessel.
Since December 13, 2025, Ukraine has imposed sanctions on the vessel.

The vessel is affiliated with the company Alya Marine Sendirian Berad, which was sanctioned by USA on October 11, 2024 for engaging in a significant number of transactions involving the purchase, acquisition, sale, transportation or marketing of crude oil/petroleum products from Iran.
Since russia's full-scale invasion of Ukraine in February 2022, more than 100 vessels that previously helped Iran export oil are now helping russia transport russian crude oil and petroleum products.
In April 2023, a tanker shipped approximately 100,000 metric tons of russian petroleum products from the port of Vostochny to India.
Many tankers involved in transporting Iranian oil to countries such as China are also involved in Venezuelan trade, including tanker IMO 9183271. On June 11, 2022, Venezuelan leader Nicolás Maduro and former Iranian President Ebrahim Raisi signed a 20-year cooperation agreement to expand ties in the oil and petrochemical industries, as well as in the military and economic spheres. Since then, bilateral ties have begun to develop. Most cargo is transported by ships belonging to the sanctioned National Iranian Tanker Company (NITC) in both directions. A significant number of ships flying under foreign (non-Iranian) flags are also involved in this trade.
On October 11, 2024, USA imposed sanctions on the tanker as a property in which the sanctioned company Alya Marine Sendirian Berhad has an interest.
Since December 13, 2025, Ukraine has imposed sanctions on the vessel.

During the period of the G7 and EU oil embargo and the price-cap policy on russian crude oil, the tanker is involved in the export of russian oil from russian ports in the Baltic, Black seas, and the Pacific region.
According to the United Against Nuclear Iran (UANI), the vessel was involved in the transportation of Iranian oil and since January 2022 has switched to transporting russian oil. Since the beginning of russia's full-scale invasion of Ukraine in February 2022, more than 90 vessels that previously helped Tehran export Iranian export oil are now helping russia transport russian oil/oil products. In May 2022, UANI first predicted that russia would turn to a 'ghost armada' to ensure oil flows to its Chinese partner.
The tanker is affiliated with Harry Victor Ship Management and Operation LLC (UAE), which was sanctioned by USA on October 11, 2024 due to the company's participation in the supply of Iranian oil/oil products in the interests of Triliance Petrochemical Co. Ltd, a broker operating in Iran, China, UAE and Germany and sanctioned by USA for its assistance to the sanctioned National Iranian Oil Company.
On October 11, 2024, USA imposed sanctions on the tanker as a property in which Harry Victor Ship Management and Operation LLC has an interest.
Since December 13, 2025, Ukraine has imposed sanctions on the vessel.

The vessel is involved in the transportation of russian crude oil during the period of the G7 and EU oil embargo and price-cap policy on russian oil to third countries.
The vessel, through its related companies, including Stream Ship Management FZCO, is affiliated with the sanctioned PJSC Sovcomflot, the largest state-owned shipping company in russia for the maintenance and provision of marine hydrocarbon extraction, transportation of russian oil, petroleum products, and liquefied gas. The main charterers of Sovcomflot vessels are the largest oil and gas companies and traders of russia. Sovcomflot participates in the maintenance of large oil and gas projects in russia: Sakhalin-1, Sakhalin-2, Varandey, Pryrazlomnoye, Novyy Port, Yamal LNG, others. Before the full-scale russian invasion of Ukraine, the company's fleet consisted of about 145 vessels. After the application of sanctions, PJSC Sovcomflot transferred dozens of vessels to the ownership of companies it created, including those in foreign jurisdictions, in order to circumvent them, starting the practice of constant 'juggling' (transferring) vessels to related companies. The tankers 'transferred' by PJSC Sovcomflot to related companies are, according to experts, part of the so-called 'shadow tanker fleet' of the russian federation to continue sales of russian oil, petroleum products, and liquefied gas under Western sanctions.
On 11 September 2024, the United Kingdom imposed sanctions on 10 oil tankers (including ІМО 9418494) related to the transportation of oil or oil products from russia to third countries.
On January 10, 2025, USA imposed sanctions on the vessel.
On February 24, March 04, 2025 EU and Switzerland respectively imposed sanctions on the tanker for transporting crude oil/oil products originating in or exported from russia using irregular and high-risk shipping practices as specified in the International Maritime Organization General Assembly resolution A.1192 (33) (EU sanctions will enter into force on February 25, 2025).
On February 21, 2025, Canada imposed sanctions on the vessel.
On June 19, 2025, New Zealand imposed sanctions on the vessel.
On December 4, 2025, Australia imposed sanctions on the tanker.
Since December 13, 2025, Ukraine has imposed sanctions on the vessel.

The vessel is involved in the transportation of russian crude oil during the period of the G7 and EU oil embargo and price-cap policy on russian oil to third countries.
The vessel, through its related companies, including Stream Ship Management FZCO, is affiliated with the sanctioned PJSC Sovcomflot, the largest state-owned shipping company in russia for the maintenance and provision of marine hydrocarbon extraction, transportation of russian oil, petroleum products, and liquefied gas. The main charterers of Sovcomflot vessels are the largest oil and gas companies and traders of russia. Sovcomflot participates in the maintenance of large oil and gas projects in russia: Sakhalin-1, Sakhalin-2, Varandey, Pryrazlomnoye, Novyy Port, Yamal LNG, others. Before the full-scale russian invasion of Ukraine, the company's fleet consisted of about 145 vessels. After the application of sanctions, PJSC Sovcomflot transferred dozens of vessels to the ownership of companies it created, including those in foreign jurisdictions, in order to circumvent them, starting the practice of constant 'juggling' (transferring) vessels to related companies. The tankers 'transferred' by PJSC Sovcomflot to related companies are, according to experts, part of the so-called 'shadow tanker fleet' of the russian federation to continue sales of russian oil, petroleum products, and liquefied gas under Western sanctions.
On 11 September 2024, United Kingdom imposed sanctions on 10 oil tankers (including ІМО 9413561) related to the transportation of oil or oil products from russia to third countries.
On December 16, 2024, EU imposed sanctions on the tanker (effective from December 17, 2024) due to the transportation of crude oil or petroleum products originating in or exported from russia, using irregular high-risk shipping practices as set out in the International Maritime Organization General Assembly Resolution A.1192(33).
On December 23, 2024, Switzerland imposed sanctions on the vessel in connection with the transportation of crude oil or petroleum products originating in or exported from russia, using irregular and risky shipping practices, as set out in the resolution of the General Assembly of the International Maritime Organization A.1192(33).
On February 21, 2025, Canada imposed sanctions on the vessel.
On December 4, 2025, Australia imposed sanctions on the tanker.
Since December 13, 2025, Ukraine has imposed sanctions on the vessel.

The tanker type ‘Aframax’ is involved in the transportation and export of russian oil from russian ports during the period of the oil embargo by the G7 and the EU and the price-cap policy for russian oil.
In February-March 2024, the tanker transported russian oil from the russian port of Novorossiysk in the Black sea to the port of Zhoushan (China).
In May-June 2024, the tanker transported russian oil from the russian port of Ust-Luga in the Baltic Sea to the port of Sikka (India).
In February 2023, the tanker was detained in Ferrol (Spain) under the Paris Memorandum of Understanding on Port State Control after authorities found ‘technical and documentary deficiencies’ during an inspection in the northwestern port of Ferrol. Spain has fined Vietnamese operator Hung Phat Maritime Trading EUR 120 thousand for a ship-to-ship transshipment operation that took place outside the port boundaries but in Spanish territorial waters.
The international NGO Greenpeace refers to the tanker as part of the shadow fleet of tankers that transport russian oil around the world and threaten the environment.
On May 09, 2025, the United Kingdom imposed sanctions on the tanker as part of the restrictions on the shadow fleet of the russian federation, including for engaging in activities aimed at destabilizing Ukraine, undermining/threatening the territorial integrity, sovereignty or independence of Ukraine or benefiting from or supporting the government of russia, and participating in the transportation of crude oil/petroleum products of russian origin, in particular, from russia to a third country.
In June 2025, Canada imposed sanctions on the vessel.
From July 20, 2025, the EU imposed sanctions on a tanker for transporting crude oil/petroleum products that originate in russia or are exported from russia using irregular and high-risk shipping practices as set out in the International Maritime Organization General Assembly resolution A.1192 (33).
On August 12, 2025, Switzerland imposed sanctions on the vessel.
Since September 18, 2025, Australia has imposed sanctions on the vessel.
Since December 13, 2025, Ukraine has imposed sanctions on the vessel.

The vessel is involved in transporting russian crude oil from russian ports to third countries.
The tanker through the companies Sun Ship Management, Oil Tankers Scf Mgmt Fzco, affiliated with the sanctioned PJSC Sovcomflot — the largest state-owned shipping company in russia providing services and support for offshore hydrocarbon production, transportation of russian oil, petroleum products, and liquefied gas. The main charterers of Sovcomflot PJSC vessels are russia's largest oil and gas companies and traders. Sovcomflot PJSC is involved in servicing major oil and gas projects in russia: Sakhalin-1, Sakhalin-2, Varandey, Prirazlomnoye, Novy Port, Yamal LNG, and others.
In June 2024, the EU imposed sanctions on the vessel in response to its support for the development of the russian energy sector.
On October 17, 2024, Switzerland imposed sanctions on the vessel in response to its promotion, support, or policy aimed at the exploitation, development, or expansion of the energy sector in russia, including energy infrastructure.
On January 10, 2025, the US imposed sanctions on the vessel.
In June 2025, Canada imposed sanctions on the vessel.
On July 21, 2025, the UK imposed sanctions on the vessel.
In August 2025, Ukraine imposed sanctions on the tanker's master.
Since December 13, 2025, Ukraine has imposed sanctions on the vessel.

The tanker is involved in transporting russian crude oil from russian ports to third countries.
The vessel through Avebury Shipmanagment LLC-FZ (UAE), Fornax Ship Management FZCO (UAE), Sun Ship Management Ltd (UAE), Oil Tankers SCF MGMT FZCO (UAE), affiliated with the sanctioned PJSC Sovcomflot, the largest state-owned shipping company in russia providing services and support for offshore hydrocarbon production and the transportation of russian crude oil, petroleum products, and liquefied natural gas. The main charterers of Sovcomflot PJSC vessels are russia's largest oil and gas companies and traders. Sovcomflot PJSC participates in the servicing of major oil and gas projects in russia: Sakhalin-1, Sakhalin-2, Varandey, Prirazlomnoye, Novy Port, Yamal LNG, and others.
In June 2024, the EU imposed sanctions on the vessel in connection with its support for the development of the russian energy sector.
On October 17, 2024, Switzerland imposed sanctions on the vessel in connection with its promotion, support, or policy aimed at the exploitation, development, or expansion of the energy sector in russia, including energy infrastructure.
Despite the sanctions, the vessel continued to transport russian petroleum products, delivering shipments of russian fuel oil and vacuum gas oil to Turkey.
On January 10, 2025, the US imposed sanctions on the vessel.
In June 2025, Canada imposed sanctions on the vessel.
On July 21, 2025, the United Kingdom imposed sanctions on the vessel.
Since December 13, 2025, Ukraine has imposed sanctions on the vessel.

It is involved in the transportation of russian oil from russian ports to third countries in violation of the oil embargo, in particular in April-June 2024 (from the russian ports of Tuapse and Novorossiysk to the Greek port of the Gulf of Lakonikos and the Turkish port of Diliskelesi). Earlier in April 2023, the vessel also transported crude oil and oil products from russian ports in the Black Seas.
The vessel is owned and managed by Elizario Shipping Inc (Mauritius), whose fleet consists of this vessel only. This company is another owner and commercial manager of the oil tanker from the "shadow fleet". Until at least the end of July 2024, the ISM-manager of the vessel was the Turkish company Unic Tanker Ship Management, which managed nine oil and chemical tankers received from the Indian company Gatik Ship Management, an affiliate of the russian oil giant PJSC Oil Company Rosneft and associated with the "shadow fleet" used by russia to export oil to circumvent sanctions. Gatik Ship Management has become the largest carrier of russian oil since the beginning of the full-scale war against Ukraine. The company was used to operate russia's "shadow fleet" of oil transport, and the British regulator Lloyd's Register has withdrawn the certification of 21 of the company's vessels. A major insurance company, American Club (USA), also announced that it no longer provides coverage for Gatik vessels.
In June 2024, EU imposed sanctions on the vessel due to its involvement in the transportation of russian oil and/or oil products from russia to third countries, as well as its participation in the circumvention of european restrictions.
On October 17, 2024, Switzerland imposed sanctions on the vessel in response to the transportation of oil/oil products originating from russia or exported from russia, using irregular and high-risk shipping practices, as specified in the resolution of the General Assembly of the International Maritime Organization A.1192(33).
On February 24, 2025, the United Kingdom imposed sanctions on the vessel.
In June 2025, Canada imposed sanctions on the vessel.
In June 2025, Australia imposed sanctions on the vessel.
In August 2025, Ukraine imposed sanctions on the tanker's master.
Since October 30, 2025, New Zealand has imposed sanctions on the tanker.
Since December 13, 2025, Ukraine has imposed sanctions on the vessel.
The tanker has been flying the russian flag since August 2026.

During the period of the oil embargo and the G7+ countries’ price cap policy on russian crude oil and petroleum products, the tanker was involved in the export of russian petroleum products from the ports of Ust-Luga, Primorsk, Saint Petersburg, Novorossiysk, and Taman to Turkey, Brazil, and the UAE.
The vessel through Sun Ship Management, Oil Tankers Scf Mgmt FZCO, is affiliated with the sanctioned PJSC Sovcomflot - the largest state-owned shipping company in russia for the maintenance and provision of marine hydrocarbon production, transportation of russian oil, petroleum products, liquefied gas. The main charterers of Sovcomflot vessels are the largest oil and gas companies and traders of russia. Sovcomflot participates in the maintenance of large oil and gas projects in russia: Sakhalin-1, Sakhalin-2, Varandey, Pryrazlomne, Noviy Port, Yamal LNG and others.
In July 2024, the United Kingdom imposed sanctions on a vessel for its involvement in the transport of russian crude oil and/or petroleum products from the russian federation to third countries.
Since December 17, 2024, the EU has imposed sanctions on the tanker for transporting crude oil or petroleum products originating in or exported from russia, engaging in irregular and high-risk shipping practices, as specified in International Maritime Organization General Assembly Resolution A.1192(33).
On December 23, 2024, Switzerland imposed sanctions on the vessel.
On February 21, 2025, Canada imposed sanctions on the vessel.
On June 19, 2025, New Zealand imposed sanctions on the vessel.
On December 4, 2025, Australia imposed sanctions on the tanker.
As of December 13, 2025, Ukraine imposed sanctions on the vessel.
On February 21, 2026, Ukraine imposed sanctions on the vessel’s captain.
Additionally, during the fuel crisis in the russian federation, the tanker is involved in the supply chain delivering gasoline from the Vadinar Refinery (Nayara Energy) to the aggressor country; 49.13% of the refinery is controlled by the russian sanctioned company PJSC Oil Company "Rosneft". Specifically, in late July 2026, the tanker IMO 93334245, through a ship-to-ship transfer operation in the Damietta area (Egypt), transferred to the tanker IMO 9292060 (sanctions imposed by the U.S., EU, Switzerland, the U.K., Ukraine, and Canada) nearly 36,600 metric tons of gasoline, which then delivered the cargo to the Vitino terminal (Port of Kandalaksha). The tanker IMO 9333424, in turn, was loaded with gasoline from the Vadinar Refinery on July 12, 2026.