Shadow Fleet

During the period of the G7 and EU oil embargo and the price cap policy on russian crude oil/petroleum products, the tanker is involved in the export of russian crude oil/petroleum products mainly from the russian ports of Novorossiysk and Tuapse, Taman crude oil/petroleum products transshipment complex in the Black Sea, as well as through STS transfers with russian affiliation in the Kerch Strait area, near Romania with vessels IMO 9278959, IMO 9288992, IMO 9612909, IMO 6514376, IMO 8727953, IMO 9230505, IMO 9683726. Transshipment of crude oil/petroleum products of russian origin at sea using the STS method allows concealing the ownership and origin of the cargo, and legalizing their supply to the EU, USA and other countries. In turn, the sale of crude oil/petroleum products on the world market allows accumulating significant financial resources in the state budget of the russian federation, which are used, among other things, to build up the military potential of the aggressor state and to provide material support for russia's military operations on the territory of Ukraine.
In July 2023, the tanker was involved in the export of gasoil (almost 30 thousand tons) from the russian port of Tuapse, the sender of the cargo was Amur Trading FZCO, the recipient was Tejarinaft FZCO. There is a production complex in Tuapse belonging to the sanctioned Rosneft - the Tuapse Refinery with a marine terminal.
According to the United Against Nuclear Iran, the tanker has been part of the armada of ghosts helping Iran transport Iranian oil since April 2024.
On April 24, 2026, the United States imposed sanctions on a tanker for transporting Iranian petroleum products.

The tanker during the period of the G7+ oil embargo and the price cap policy on russian crude oil/oil products is involved in the export of russian crude oil/oil products from russian ports in the Baltic and Black Seas, and is engaged in dark activities, in particular in the Black Sea south of the TOT of Crimea.
The international NGO Greenpeace refers to the tanker as part of a shadow fleet of tankers transporting russian oil around the world and threatening the environment.
The tanker was affiliated with Ocean Coral Ship Management LTD, which managed the tanker IMO 9208069, until USA sanctioned on January 10, 2025, a significant number of ships considered to be shadow fleet. On January 10, 2025, USA imposed sanctions on the tanker IMO 9266853, which is considered to be part of the shadow fleet, called at the russian port where the oil price constantly exceeds the upper limit of the price cap, and was managed by Ocean Coral Ship Management LTD as of the date of sanctions. In order to avoid the application of sanctions to the tanker IMO 9208069 involved in sanctioned trade, after the adoption of the sanctions package by USA on January 10, 2025, the management of the tanker IMO 9208069 was transferred from Ocean Coral Ship Management LTD (Hong Kong), which was incorporated on January 24, 2024, to Elite Marine Ship Management LTD (Hong Kong), which was incorporated on July 24, 2024.
On May 20, 2025, the EU imposed sanctions, which enter into force on May 21, 2025, on the tanker for the transportation of crude oil/petroleum products originating in or exported from russia, using irregular high-risk shipping practices as specified in the International Maritime Organization General Assembly Resolution A.1192(33).
On June 03, 2025, the sanctions imposed by Switzerland on the vessel came into force.
In June 2025, Canada imposed sanctions on the vessel.
On July 21, 2025, the United Kingdom imposed sanctions on the vessel.
Since October 30, 2025, New Zealand has imposed sanctions on the tanker.
Since December 13, 2025, Ukraine has imposed sanctions on the vessel.
On February 21, 2026, Ukraine imposed sanctions on the master of the vessel.
On April 24, 2026, the United States imposed sanctions on a tanker for transporting Iranian crude oil to China.

The tanker during the period of the G7+ oil embargo and the price cap policy on russian crude oil/oil products is involved in the export of russian oil products from russian ports in the Baltic and Black Seas, and resorts to conducting dark activities with the AIS disabled.
The tanker is linked to sanctioned companies Fractal Marine DMCC (UAE), Wanta Shipping LLC-FZ (UAE), etc., which managed the vessel in 2022-2024.
Fractal Marine DMCC (UAE) is considered one of the leading operators of the shadow fleet, which in early 2023 was among the three largest carriers of Russian oil, along with Radiating World Shipping Services LLC (UAE) and Gatik Ship Management (India), and played a significant role in the export of russian oil to countries around the world during the period of sanctions restrictions. Fractal Marine DMCC managed a fleet of 28 tankers as an intermediary between shipowners and charterers.
Fractal Marine DMCC (UAE) and Wanta Shipping LLC-FZ (UAE) are part of a shipping empire controlled by Mohammad Hossein Shamkhani, son of Ali Shamkhani, the chief political advisor to Iran's supreme leader. Mohammad Hossein Shamkhani uses his father's political influence to corrupt top-level officials in the Iranian regime in order to build and operate a huge fleet of tankers and container ships. This fleet transports oil and petroleum products from Iran and Russia, as well as other cargoes, to buyers around the world, generating tens of billions of dollars in profits.
Mohammad Hossein Shamkhani's shipping empire consists of a vast fleet of vessels, ship management companies, and front companies that launder billions of dollars in profits from the global sale of Iranian and Russian crude oil and petroleum products, mostly to buyers in China. The shipping empire takes significant measures to conceal its operations and obscure its ties to the Shamkhani family, Iran, and Russia.
Fractal Marine DMCC has played an important role in the management and operation of the tanker and container ship fleet of Mohammad Hossein Shamkhani's shipping network. Wanta Shipping LLC-FZ (UAE) performs the operational functions of Mohammad Hossein Shamkhani's shipping network fleet.
On February 12, 2026, Ukraine imposed sanctions on the vessel.
On April 15, 2026, the United States imposed sanctions on a tanker as part of restrictions targeting the fleet of Mohammed Hossein Shamkhani’s shipping empire, which is involved in the transport of russian crude oil and petroleum products.

During the period of the G7 and EU oil embargo and the price cap policy on russian oil/petroleum products, the tanker was involved in the export of russian oil/petroleum products.
Since October 15, 2025, the United Kingdom imposed sanctions on the tanker in connection with the transportation of oil or petroleum products of russian origin from russia to a third country.
Since December 19, 2025, the EU has imposed sanctions on the vessel.
Since January 13, 2026, Switzerland has imposed sanctions on the vessel.
On February 12, 2026, Ukraine imposed sanctions on the vessel.
Since March 25, 2026, Canada has imposed sanctions on the vessel.

During the period when the G7 and EU oil embargo and the price cap policy on russian crude oil and petroleum products are in effect, the tanker is actively involved in the export of russian crude oil and russian petroleum products from russian ports in the Pacific region to China.
Since October 15, 2025, the United Kingdom imposed sanctions on the tanker in connection with the transportation of oil or petroleum products of russian origin from russia to a third country.
Since December 19, 2025, the EU has imposed sanctions on the vessel.
Since January 13, 2026, Switzerland has imposed sanctions on the vessel.
On February 12, 2026, Ukraine imposed sanctions on the vessel.
Since March 25, 2026, Canada has imposed sanctions on the vessel.

The tanker was involved in the export of russian oil / petroleum products in 2025 during the period of the G7 and EU oil embargo and the price cap policy on russian oil / petroleum products.
The vessel is affiliated with Maritas Fleet PVT LTD (India), which was the former ISM manager of the tanker from June 2023 to March 2024. Maritas Fleet PVT LTD was founded in December 2022 in Mumbai and has brought 29 tankers under its management, including vessels owned by Hennesea Holdings Limited. Hennesea Holdings Limited was founded in late 2022 in the UAE and, shortly before the price cap policy was introduced, acquired more than 20 older tankers that were focused on transporting russian crude oil at a price higher than $60 per barrel. In January 2024, the USA imposed sanctions on Hennesea Holdings Limited and part of its tanker fleet for violating the price cap policy.
Since January 2025, the tanker has managed by Lumen Ship Management FZCO, whose fleet as of October 16, 2025, consists of eight oil tankers, including those under sanctions, which previously belonged to Hennesea Holdings Limited and were managed by the Indian company Maritas Fleet PVT LTD.
Since October 24, 2025, the EU has imposed sanctions on the vessel.
Since December 13, 2025, Switzerland has imposed sanctions on the vessel.
Since December 13, 2025, Ukraine has imposed sanctions on the vessel.
On February 24, 2026, the United Kingdom imposed sanctions on the vessel.
Since March 25, 2026, Canada has imposed sanctions on the vessel.
The tanker has been flying the russian flag since August 2026.

During the G7 and EU oil embargo and price cap policy on russian oil / petroleum products, the tanker involved in the export of russian oil / petroleum products resorts to deceptive, high-risk shipping practices in the Gulf of Finland.
Tanker IMO 9323364 has been affiliated since August 2023 with the Indian company Peninsular Maritime India Pvt. Ltd, whose fleet includes shadow fleet tankers, in particular tanker IMO 9329760, involved in the transportation of russian oil / petroleum products from russian ports in the Baltic Sea, engaging in deceptive shipping practices in the Baltic Sea, used by russia as a spy platform aimed at observing NATO's military and air activities, involved in sabotage activities in the Baltic Sea, detained on December 26, 2024, by the Finnish authorities on suspicion of breaking the Estlink 2 submarine cable with its anchor on December 25, 2024.
On October 15, 2025, the United Kingdom imposed sanctions on the tanker for transporting oil or petroleum products of russian origin from russia to a third country.
Since October 24, 2025, the EU has imposed sanctions on the vessel.
Since December 13, 2025, Switzerland has imposed sanctions on the vessel.
Since December 13, 2025, Ukraine has imposed sanctions on the vessel.
On February 20, 2026, New Zealand imposed sanctions on the vessel.
Since March 25, 2026, Canada has imposed sanctions on the vessel.

During the period of the G7 and EU oil embargo and the price cap policy on russian oil / petroleum products, the vessel was involved in the export of russian oil / petroleum products.
Between January 2024 and July 2025, the tanker transported approximately 5.2 million barrels of russian oil. In particular, on August 3, 2025, the tanker left the Sheshkharis terminal (port of Novorossiysk) loaded with crude oil (almost 140,000 metric tons) and delivered the cargo to India. The sender of the cargo was the sanctioned company PJSC Rosneft Oil Company.
The international non-governmental organization Greenpeace classifies the tanker as part of a shadow fleet of tankers that transport russian oil around the world and threaten the environment.
From April 2024 to November 2025, the tanker was owned by Konya Shipping SA (Panama, Panama Folio No. 155749740). The founder of Konya Shipping S.A. is Hector Varela De Leon. On July 30, 2025, the USA imposed sanctions on Hector Varela De Leon for his activities in the oil sector of the Iranian economy. Hector Varela De Leon is associated with the incorporation and management of shell companies that are part of a vast shipping empire controlled by Mohammad Hossein Shamkhani, the son of Ali Shamkhani, chief political advisor to Iran's supreme leader. Mohammad Hossein Shamkhani's shipping empire consists of a huge fleet of ships, ship management companies, and front companies that launder billions of dollars in profits from the global sale of Iranian and russian crude oil and petroleum products, mostly to buyers in China.
Since October 24, 2025, the EU has imposed sanctions on the vessel.
After the EU sanctions were imposed, the vessel changed its name, flag country, and management. On November 19, 2025, the tanker was transferred to the management of the Turkish company Pergamon Denizcilik Isletmeleri AS (Turkey Trade Registry Number - 1087581), registered on June 25, 2025. Simultaneously with the vessel IMO 9290373, the sanctioned tanker IMO 9292199, affiliated with Hector Varela De Leon, also transferred to the management of Pergamon Denizcilik Isletmeleri AS.
Since December 13, 2025, Switzerland has imposed sanctions on the vessel.
Since December 13, 2025, Ukraine has imposed sanctions on the vessel.
On February 24, 2026, the United Kingdom imposed sanctions on the vessel.
Since March 25, 2026, Canada has imposed sanctions on the vessel.
The tanker has been flying the russian flag since August 2026.

During the period of the G7 and EU oil embargo and the price cap policy on russian oil / petroleum products, the vessel was involved in the export of russian oil / petroleum products.
Between January 2024 and July 2025, the tanker transported approximately 6.0 million barrels of russian oil. Specifically:
— On August 19, 2025, the tanker left the Sheskharis terminal (port of Novorossiysk) loaded with crude oil (almost 140,000 metric tons) and delivered the cargo to India. The consignor was the russian company PJSC Rosneft Oil Company, which is subject to sanctions, and the charterer was Reliance, India's largest buyer of russian oil.
— On October 1, 2025, the tanker left the port of Novorossiysk loaded with crude oil (about 100,000 metric tons) and delivered the cargo to a new oil refinery in Kulevi (Georgia). The consignor was PJSC Russneft Oil Company.
From May 2024 to November 2025, the tanker was owned by Kayseri Shipping S.A. (Panama, Panama Folio No. 155749742). The founder of Kayseri Shipping S.A. is Hector Varela De Leon. On July 30, 2025, the United States imposed sanctions on Hector Varela De Leon for his activities in the oil sector of the Iranian economy. Hector Varela de Leon is linked to the incorporation and management of shell companies that are part of a vast shipping empire controlled by sanctioned Mohammad Hossein Shamkhani, the son of Ali Shamkhani, chief political advisor to Iran's supreme leader. Mohammad Hossein Shamkhani's shipping empire consists of a huge fleet of ships, ship management companies, and shell companies that launder billions of dollars in profits from the global sale of Iranian and russian crude oil and petroleum products, mostly to buyers in China.
The international non-governmental organization Greenpeace classifies the tanker as part of a shadow fleet of tankers that transport russian oil around the world and threaten the environment.
Since October 24, 2025, the EU has imposed sanctions on the vessel.
After the EU sanctions were imposed, the vessel changed its name, flag country, and management. On November 19, 2025, the tanker was transferred to the management of the Turkish company Pergamon Denizcilik Isletmeleri AS (Turkey Trade Registry Number - 1087581), registered on June 25, 2025. Simultaneously with the vessel IMO 9292199, the sanctioned tanker IMO 9290373, affiliated with Hector Varela De Leon, also transferred to the management of Pergamon Denizcilik Isletmeleri AS.
Since December 13, 2025, Switzerland has imposed sanctions on the vessel.
Since December 13, 2025, Ukraine has imposed sanctions on the vessel.
On February 24, 2026, the United Kingdom imposed sanctions on the vessel.
Since March 25, 2026, Canada has imposed sanctions on the vessel.

During the period of the G7 and EU oil embargo and the price cap policy on russian oil / petroleum products, the tanker was involved in the export of russian oil / petroleum products.
The vessel is affiliated with Maritas Fleet PVT LTD (India), which was the former ISM manager of the tanker from May 2023 to March 2024. Maritas Fleet PVT LTD was founded in December 2022 in Mumbai and has brought 29 tankers under its management, including vessels owned by Hennesea Holdings Limited. Hennesea Holdings Limited was founded in late 2022 in the UAE and, shortly before the price cap policy was introduced, acquired more than 20 older tankers that focused on transporting russian crude oil at a price higher than $60 per barrel. In January 2024, the USA imposed sanctions on Hennesea Holdings Limited and part of its tanker fleet for violating the price cap policy.
Since July 2025, the tanker has been managed by Lumen Ship Management FZCO, whose fleet as of October 16, 2025, consists of eight oil tankers, including those under sanctions, which previously belonged to Hennesea Holdings Limited and were managed by the Indian company Maritas Fleet PVT LTD.
After the change in management, the vessel continues to transport russian oil to the PRC from russian ports in the Pacific region. Between January 2024 and July 2025, the tanker transported approximately 2.4 million barrels of russian oil.
Since October 24, 2025, the EU has imposed sanctions on the vessel.
Since December 13, 2025, Switzerland has imposed sanctions on the vessel.
Since December 13, 2025, Ukraine has imposed sanctions on the vessel.
On February 24, 2026, the United Kingdom imposed sanctions on the vessel.
Since March 25, 2026, Canada has imposed sanctions on the vessel.

During the G7 and EU oil embargo and price cap policy on russian oil / petroleum products, the tanker was involved in the export of russian oil / petroleum products.
The vessel is affiliated with Maritas Fleet PVT LTD (India), which was the former ISM manager of the tanker from April 2023 to March 2024. Maritas Fleet PVT LTD was founded in December 2022 in Mumbai and has brought 29 tankers under its management, including vessels owned by Hennesea Holdings Limited. Hennesea Holdings Limited was founded in late 2022 in the UAE and, shortly before the price cap policy was introduced, acquired more than 20 older tankers that focused on transporting russian crude oil at a price higher than $60 per barrel. In January 2024, the USA imposed sanctions on Hennesea Holdings Limited and part of its tanker fleet for violating the price cap policy.
Since March 2025, the tanker has been managed by Lumen Ship Management FZCO, whose fleet as of October 16, 2025, consists of eight oil tankers, including those under sanctions, which previously belonged to Hennesea Holdings Limited and were managed by the Indian company Maritas Fleet PVT LTD.
After the change in management, the vessel continues to transport russian oil to the PRC from russian ports in the Pacific region. Between January 2024 and July 2025, the tanker transported approximately 3.7 million barrels of russian oil.
Since October 24, 2025, the EU has imposed sanctions on the vessel.
Since December 13, 2025, Switzerland has imposed sanctions on the vessel.
Since December 13, 2025, Ukraine has imposed sanctions on the vessel.
On February 24, 2026, the United Kingdom imposed sanctions on the vessel.
Since March 25, 2026, Canada has imposed sanctions on the vessel.

During the period of the G7 and EU oil embargo and the price cap policy on russian oil/petroleum products, the tanker was involved in the export of russian oil/petroleum products from russian ports in the Baltic Sea and the Pacific region.
The tanker, in particular through the sanctioned companies Sun Ship Management (UAE), SCF Management Services Cyprus Ltd (Cyprus), is affiliated with the sanctioned PJSC Sovcomflot, the largest state-owned shipping company in russia for servicing and supporting offshore hydrocarbon production, transportation of russian oil, petroleum products, and liquefied gas. The major charterers of PJSC Sovcomflot's vessels are russia's largest oil and gas companies and traders. PJSC Sovcomflot is involved in servicing major oil and gas projects in russia: Sakhalin-1, Sakhalin-2, Varandey, Prirazlomnoye, Novy Port, Yamal LNG and others.
The vessel is also affiliated with the sanctioned Cypriot company Lagosmarine Ltd, which was the tanker's manager from April 2023 to January 2025. In January 2025, the United States imposed sanctions on Lagosmarine Ltd for its activities in the energy sector of the russian federation and as the technical manager of an oil tanker that called at a russian port several times, where the price of oil was constantly exceeding the price limit. In August 2025, Ukraine also imposed sanctions on the Cypriot company Lagosmarine Ltd.
Since October 24, 2025, the EU has imposed sanctions on the vessel.
Since December 13, 2025, Switzerland has imposed sanctions on the vessel.
Since December 13, 2025, Ukraine has imposed sanctions on the vessel.
On February 24, 2026, the United Kingdom imposed sanctions on the vessel.
Since March 25, 2026, Canada has imposed sanctions on the vessel.