Marine vessels

It is involved in the export of russian coal from the rosterminalugol coal terminal in the port of Ust-Luga to the port of Eren (Turkey). Since December 2022, as part of the expansion of sanctions against the energy sector of the russian federation, the EU has banned imports of all types of russian coal. According to the CREA, from 05 December 2022 to the end of June 2024, China purchased 45% of all russian coal exports, India (18%), and South Korea (10%).

The vessel has been implicated in the transportation of russian crude oil during the period of the G7 and European Union (EU) oil embargo on russian-origin oil. It has transported russian crude oil from ports in the russian federation to third countries. In 2023, the vessel was recorded conducting a transfer of russian oil while falsifying its location data. In March 2023, under its former name Turba, the vessel was reported to have transported Urals-grade crude oil to India. The vessel has not undergone a full inspection since 2017, does not carry industry-standard insurance, and operates under the flag of Cameroon — a country blacklisted under the Paris Memorandum of Understanding (Paris MOU) for poor maritime safety oversight. According to United Against Nuclear Iran (UANI), the vessel was previously involved in the transportation of Iranian oil and switched to carrying russian crude oil in September 2021. In June–July 2024, the United Kingdom and the EU imposed sanctions on the vessel for its role in transporting russian crude oil and/or petroleum products from the russian federation to third countries, as well as for participating in the circumvention of EU restrictions. On 17 October 2024, Switzerland imposed sanctions on the vessel for transporting crude oil and/or petroleum products originating in, or exported from, the russian federation while employing irregular and high-risk shipping practices, as defined in International Maritime Organization (IMO) Assembly Resolution A.1192(33). On 21 February 2025, Canada imposed sanctions on the vessel.

It is involved in the transportation of russian crude oil during the period of the G7 and EU oil embargo on russian oil. The vessel transported russian oil from russian ports to third countries. The vessel, according to United Against Nuclear Iran (UANI), participated in numerous STS transfers of millions of barrels of Iranian oil during 2021. In April 2024, USA imposed Iran-related sanctions on the vessel. In particular, sanctions were imposed on the shipping company Oceanlink Maritime DMCC, which is the vessel's manager, in connection with its involvement in the transportation of goods on behalf of the Iranian army. In June 2024, EU imposed sanctions on the vessel due to its involvement in the transportation of russian oil and/or oil products from russia to third countries, as well as its participation in the circumvention of european restrictions. On October 17, 2024, Switzerland imposed sanctions on the vessel in response to the transportation of oil/oil products originating from russia or exported from russia, using irregular and high-risk shipping practices, as specified in the resolution of the General Assembly of the International Maritime Organization A.1192(33). On November 25, 2024, the United Kingdom imposed sanctions on a tanker in connection with the transportation of russian oil/oil products from the russian federation to a third country as part of the restrictions on the russian shadow fleet. On February 21, 2025, Canada imposed sanctions on the vessel.

The tanker is affiliated with Delnaz Ship Management Sdn Bhd, which was sanctioned by USA on October 11, 2024 as part of the expansion of restrictions on Iran's oil/petrochemical sector. On October 11, 2024, USA imposed sanctions on the tanker as a property in which Delnaz Ship Management Sdn Bhd has an interest.

The tanker was used by the sanctioned company China Concord Petroleum Co. Limited to deliver millions of barrels of Iranian oil from the sanctioned National Iranian Oil Company (NIOC) to China. The National Iranian Oil Company (NIOC) is one of the largest oil and gas companies in the world and is controlled by the Iranian Ministry of Oil. NIOC and its subsidiaries explore, produce, transport, process and export oil and natural gas in Iran. The oil deals of NIOC, including its subsidiaries, are used to generate revenue for the IRGC-QF (Islamic Revolutionary Guard Corps) and Hizballah (Hezbollah). After russia's full-scale invasion of Ukraine, namely in July 2022 during putin's visit to Tehran, the National Iranian Oil Company and the russian sanctioned PJSC Gazprom signed a memorandum of understanding on strategic cooperation in the oil and gas sector worth about $40 billion. China Concord Petroleum Co., Limited is a key intermediary that helps Iran and Venezuela export crude oil to circumvent sanctions restrictions. On October 11, 2024, as part of the expansion of restrictions on Iran's oil/petrochemical sector, USA imposed sanctions on the vessel as a property in which Delnaz Ship Management Sdn Bhd (the previous manager of the tanker) has an interest. According to GISIS IMO, as of July 15, 2025, the vessel's registered name is HONG LU, and the flag is designated as "Curacao False". At the same time, the vessel sails under the name RHN, "hiding" under the flag of Curacao.

The vessel is involved in the delivery of Iranian oil to China. On October 11, 2024, as part of the expansion of restrictions on Iran's oil/petrochemical sector, USA imposed sanctions on the vessel as a property in which Davina Shipping Inc, which was also sanctioned by USA on October 11, 2024, has an interest. According to GISIS IMO data as of July 15, 2025, the vessel's registered name is DAVINA, the flag is designated as "Curacao False". At the same time, the vessel sails under the name LENORE, "hiding" under the flag of Curacao.

The tanker is involved in the transportation of hundreds of metric tons of Iranian oil to China in several shipments on behalf of the sanctioned National Iranian Oil Company (NIOC) and China Concord Petroleum Co Ltd. The tanker is affiliated with the Chinese company Derecttor Company Limited, which was sanctioned by USA on October 11, 2024 as part of the expansion of restrictions on Iran's oil and petrochemical sectors. Also, on October 11, 2024, USA imposed sanctions on the vessel as a property in which Derecttor Company Limited has an interest.

The vessel is involved in the export of Iranian oil in violation of sanctions and the transportation of oil to a significant number of refineries in China. According to the United Against Nuclear Iran, in 2023 the vessel was among the top 10 tankers that transported the largest volumes of Iranian oil in violation of sanctions. On October 11, 2024, USA imposed sanctions on the vessel within the framework of expanding sanctions against Iran's oil and petrochemical sectors.

The vessel is involved in the transportation of Iranian oil for numerous refineries in China. On October 11, 2024, the United States imposed sanctions on the vessel as property in which the sanctioned company Max Maritime Solutions FZE has an interest. According to GISIS IMO data as of July 15, 2025, the vessel's registered name is SALVIA, the flag is designated as "San Marino False". At the same time, the vessel sails under the name CORA, the flag of Curacao.

The vessel is involved in the transportation of Iranian crude oil via STS using vessels affiliated with the sanctioned National Iranian Tanker Company (NITC), a subsidiary of the sanctioned National Iranian Oil Company, which is controlled by the Iranian Ministry of Oil. The National Iranian Tanker Company is responsible for the transportation of Iranian crude oil intended for export, and plays a significant role in oil deals that are used to generate profits for the IRGC-QF (Islamic Revolutionary Guard Corps) and Hizballah (Hezbollah). On October 11, 2024, USA imposed sanctions on the vessel as property in which the sanctioned company Max Maritime Solutions FZE has an interest. According to GISIS IMO data as of July 15, 2025, the vessel's registered name is VERA, and the flag is designated as "Sint Maarten False".

The vessel is involved in the transportation of Iranian crude oil via STS using vessels affiliated with the sanctioned National Iranian Tanker Company (NITC), a subsidiary of the sanctioned National Iranian Oil Company, which is controlled by the Iranian Ministry of Oil. The National Iranian Tanker Company is responsible for the transportation of Iranian crude oil intended for export, and plays a significant role in oil deals that are used to generate profits for the IRGC-QF (Islamic Revolutionary Guard Corps) and Hizballah (Hezbollah). On October 11, 2024, USA imposed sanctions on the vessel as property in which the sanctioned company Max Maritime Solutions FZE has an interest. According to GISIS ІМО data as of July 15, 2025, the vessel's registered name is BENDIGO, flag is unknown. At the same time, the vessel sails under the name BELMA, the flag of Curacao.

The vessel is involved in the transportation of Iranian oil products. According to the United Against Nuclear Iran (UANI) data, which monitors Iranian-related tanker traffic using satellite data, the ship has switched to transporting russian oil since January 2022. According to GISIS IMO, as of early July 2025, the vessel's flag is marked as "Guinea False".