Shadow Fleet

Marine vessels involved in the transportation of sanctioned oil
Total number:
1468
Marine vessels
545
Masters
Updated: 23.09.2026
The shadow tanker fleet transports growing volumes of sanctioned oil around the world, generates billions of dollars in revenue for russia and Iran, threatens environmental safety in the oceans, serves as a spy platform, and is used for sabotage activities in the interests of the aggressor.
The sanctioned countries are looking for new markets for oil, building up their tanker fleet to circumvent restrictions, and shipping crude oil mainly to China and India.
The shadow tanker fleet with a total deadweight of more than 100 million tons (approximately 17% of the world`s oil tanker fleet) consists of more than a thousand mostly outdated, poorly maintained vessels without proper insurance, with ‘confusing’ ownership and management structures located in ‘friendly’ jurisdictions, under ‘convenient’ flags. Such vessels resort to deceptive tactics at sea to conceal the origin of their cargo, threaten ‘environmental chaos’ and billions of dollars in losses to coastal countries by passing through busy, narrow international transportation routes without pilotage. Since the beginning of russia`s full-scale invasion of Ukraine, shadow tankers have already been involved in more than 50 incidents from the Danish Straits to Malaysia.
 
 
 
 
Category
Sanctions
 
 
DWT: 90 603 тис.тоннTotal: 892
VIREL
Vessel name
VIREL
IMO
9299874
Flag (Current)
Equatorial Guinea Equatorial Guinea
Vessel Type
Chemical/Oil Products Tanker
Category
Transportation of fossil fuels in violation of sanctions and other restrictions
icon arrow-tree Transporting russian crude oil / petroleum products
During the period of the G7 and EU oil embargo and the price cap policy on russian crude oil/petroleum products, the tanker has been involved in the export of russian crude oil/petroleum products from the russian ports of Novorossiysk in the Black Sea, Primorsk, Vysotsk in the Baltic Sea since January 2024. The vessel is engaged in dark activities near russian ports in the Baltic and Black Seas.
The tanker is affiliated with the Turkish company Beks Tanker Isletmeciligi AS, which was the commercial and ISM manager of the vessel from November 2023 to March 2024. Beks Tanker Isletmeciligi AS is one of the top three ranking Turkish operators, which in 2023 provided transportation of hundreds of millions of barrels of russian crude oil and petroleum products. The fleet of the Turkish top three - Beks Tanker Isletmeciligi AS and the sanctioned Beks Gemi Isletmeciligi ve Tic and Active Denizcilik ve Gemi - transported a total of 49 million barrels of russian crude oil/petroleum products in 2023. Since March 2024, the tanker has been managed by the Turkish company Tokyo Gemi Isletmeciligi AS. Tokyo Gemi Isletmeciligi AS has the same legal address as two other Turkish ship managers, Sand Gemi Isletmeciligi AS and Cape Gemi Isletmeciligi AS. Eight tankers of these companies were operated by Beks Tanker Isletmeciligi AS in 2023 and early 2024, and one tanker was operated by the sanctioned Beks Gemi Isletmeciligi ve Tic.
On June 17, 2025, the United Kingdom imposed sanctions on the tanker in connection with the carrying crude oil/petroleum products that originated in russia from russia to a third countries.
From July 20, 2025, the EU imposed sanctions on a tanker for transporting crude oil/petroleum products that originate in russia or are exported from russia using irregular and high-risk shipping practices as set out in the International Maritime Organization General Assembly resolution A.1192 (33).
On August 12, 2025, Switzerland imposed sanctions on the vessel.
Since December 13, 2025, Ukraine has imposed sanctions on the vessel.
On February 24, 2026, Australia imposed sanctions on the vessel.
Since March 25, 2026, Canada has imposed sanctions on the vessel.
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PRISMA
Vessel name
PRISMA
IMO
9299678
Flag (Current)
Sierra Leone Sierra Leone
Vessel Type
Crude Oil Tanker
Category
Transportation of fossil fuels in violation of sanctions and other restrictions
icon arrow-tree Transporting russian crude oil / petroleum products
The tanker, during the period of the G7 and EU oil embargo and price cap policy on russian crude oil/petroleum products, has been involved mainly in the export of russian crude oil/petroleum products from the russian port of Primorsk, as well as from the floating oil storage facility IMO 9196620 VLCC-class, which is part of the roadside transshipment complex in the Kola Bay and is considered a key element of the Arctic russian oil export chain, created for transshipment of oil from Arctic fields by Gazprom Neft LLC.
Since May 2024, the tanker has been owned by Evergreen Embrace Corp, a company registered in the Seychelles at the address (3rd Floor, Suite 10, La Ciotat, Mont Fleuri, Mahe Island Seychelles), which is widely used for registration of companies that own and manage tankers of the russian shadow fleet. The ISM-manager of the tanker is Vista Vvave Shipmanagement LLC, a company from Azerbaijan, the fleet of which, as of June 16, 2025, includes, in addition to the tanker IMO 9299678, the sanctioned tanker IMO 9380673 of the russian shadow fleet.
The tanker is classified by the international public organization Greenpeace as a shadow fleet of tankers transporting russian oil around the world and threatening the environment.
From July 20, 2025, the EU imposed sanctions on a tanker for transporting crude oil/petroleum products that originate in russia or are exported from russia using irregular and high-risk shipping practices as set out in the International Maritime Organization General Assembly resolution A.1192 (33).
On August 12, 2025, Switzerland imposed sanctions on the vessel.
Since December 13, 2025, Ukraine has imposed sanctions on the vessel.
On February 24, 2026, the United Kingdom imposed sanctions on the vessel.
Since March 25, 2026, Canada has imposed sanctions on the vessel.
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FLURA
Vessel name
FLURA
IMO
9354636
Flag (Current)
russian federation russian federation
Vessel Type
Chemical/Oil Products Tanker
Category
Cargo transportation from/to ТОТ of Ukraine
icon arrow-tree Calling ports of the TOT
The tanker is involved in the export of russian crude oil/petroleum products during the period of the G7 and EU oil embargo and price cap policy on russian crude oil/petroleum products.
The tanker is actively engaged in dark activities in the vicinity of the russian port of Astrakhan, Turkmenistan, the Kerch Strait, and near russian ports in the Azov Sea.
The vessel calls at the ports of the TOT Crimea of Ukraine, in March 2025 at the port of Komysh-Burun.
The tanker is affiliated with the russian company Enea LLC (TIN 6164136080). Eneya LLC is affiliated with the sanctioned Jamaldin Pashayev and is involved in covert supplies to Syria in the interests of the russian Ministry of defense (in particular, aviation fuel). Since October 2024, the CEO of Eneya LLC has been Magomed Abdulatipov (TIN 053689064586), who for a long period of time before October 2024 was the head of the Federal State Budgetary Institution "Administration of the Caspian Sea Ports". Jamaldin Pashayev's enterprises have been involved in russian military exports since 2021 and have concluded more than 200 agreements on the sea transportation of military cargo around the world. Jamaldin Pashayev and his companies have been an integral part of the ongoing transfer of lethal aid to the sanctioned russian company SEZ Alabuga, which is one of the main UAV assembly plants for the russian Ministry of defense with the support of Iran. Jamaldin Pashayev is affiliated with the sanctioned shipping company MG-Flot LLC, the fleet of which is involved in the transportation of weapons from Syria, Iran, North Korea to russia, as well as Iranian oil.
From July 20, 2025, the EU imposed sanctions on a tanker for transporting crude oil/petroleum products that originate in russia or are exported from russia using irregular and high-risk shipping practices as set out in the International Maritime Organization General Assembly resolution A.1192 (33).
On August 12, 2025, Switzerland imposed sanctions on the vessel.
Since December 13, 2025, Ukraine has imposed sanctions on the vessel.
Since March 25, 2026, Canada has imposed sanctions on the vessel.
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BRONCO
Vessel name
BRONCO
IMO
8808525
Flag (Current)
unknown
Vessel Type
Oil Products Tanker
Category
Transportation of fossil fuels in violation of sanctions and other restrictions
icon arrow-tree Transporting russian crude oil / petroleum products
The tanker, during the period of the G7 and EU oil embargo and the price cap policy on russian crude oil/petroleum products, has been involved in the export of russian crude oil/petroleum products using deceptive, high-risk practices (disabling the Automatic Identification System (AIS), conducting dark activity near russian ports in the Black Sea, and carrying out ship-to-ship (STS) transfers with russian-affiliated vessels near European countries).
In April 2025, near Romania, the tanker (IMO 8808525) conducted an STS transfer with the tanker (IMO 9236975), which had arrived from the russian port of Novorossiysk to perform the transfer. In March 2025, near Cyprus, the tanker (IMO 8808525) conducted an STS transfer with the tanker (IMO 9424651) – designated by the EU and Switzerland since May 2025 – which had arrived in the area near Cyprus from the russian port of Tuapse, where it had conducted a series of STS transfers.
On May 20, 2025, the United Kingdom imposed sanctions on the tanker.
Since October 24, 2025, the EU has imposed sanctions on the vessel.
Since December 13, 2025, Switzerland has imposed sanctions on the vessel.
Since December 13, 2025, Ukraine has imposed sanctions on the vessel.
On February 20, 2026, New Zealand imposed sanctions on the vessel.
On February 24, 2026, Australia imposed sanctions on the vessel.
Since March 25, 2026, Canada has imposed sanctions on the vessel.
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SFEN
Vessel name
SFEN
IMO
9419151
Flag (Current)
russian federation russian federation
Vessel Type
Crude Oil Tanker
Category
Transportation of fossil fuels in violation of sanctions and other restrictions
icon arrow-tree Transporting russian crude oil / petroleum products
The tanker is affiliated with the Indian company Gatik Ship Management, one of the leading shadow fleet operators, which in 2022-2023 played a significant role in the transportation of russian crude oil/petroleum products under Western sanctions, and the Gatik-related company Caishan Ship Management, which in 2023, together with Gaurik Ship Management, Galena Ship Management, Plutos Ship Management, Geras Ship Management, Girik Ship Management, Orion Ship Management, Nautilus Shipping, Ark Seakonnect Shipmanagment, Zidan Ship Management, was involved in a scheme to "juggle" vessels operated by Gatik Ship Management to avoid sanctions.
Gatik Ship Management and Caishan Ship Management were the previous managers of the tanker. Tankers operated/managed by the Indian Gatik Ship Management continue to be used by related companies and call at russian ports.
The tanker, during the period of the G7 and EU oil embargo and the price cap policy on russian crude oil/petroleum products, is involved in the export of russian crude oil/petroleum products using deceptive, high-risk practices (disabling AIS, conducting dark activities near Malta and Egypt, conducting STS transmissions with russian affiliation, in particular, near Egypt in 2025). In 2025, the vessel is actively conducting STS transmissions near Egypt, including with sanctioned vessels of the russian shadow fleet affiliated with the Indian shadow fleet operator Gatik Ship Management (IMO 9314882, IMO 9299123, IMO 9258026).
On May 09, 2025, the United Kingdom imposed sanctions on the tanker as part of the restrictions on the shadow fleet of the russian federation, including for engaging in activities aimed at destabilizing Ukraine, undermining/threatening the territorial integrity, sovereignty or independence of Ukraine or benefiting from or supporting the government of russia, and participating in the transportation of crude oil/petroleum products of russian origin, in particular, from russia to a third country.
From July 20, 2025, the EU imposed sanctions on a tanker for transporting crude oil/petroleum products that originate in russia or are exported from russia using irregular and high-risk shipping practices as set out in the International Maritime Organization General Assembly resolution A.1192 (33).
On August 12, 2025, Switzerland imposed sanctions on the vessel.
Since December 13, 2025, Ukraine has imposed sanctions on the vessel.
Since March 25, 2026, Canada has imposed sanctions on the vessel.
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GRIF
Vessel name
GRIF
IMO
9332028
Flag (Current)
unknown
Vessel Type
Chemical/Oil Products Tanker
Category
Transportation of fossil fuels in violation of sanctions and other restrictions
icon arrow-tree Transporting russian crude oil / petroleum products
The tanker, during the period of the G7 and EU oil embargo and the price cap policy on russian crude oil/petroleum products, is involved in the export of russian crude oil/petroleum products from russian ports in the Baltic and Black Seas using deceptive, high-risk practices (turning off AIS, keeping dark in the Kerch Strait area, conducting STS transmissions with russian affiliates, ships of the russian shadow fleet in the Kerch Strait area).
In particular, in December 2024, the vessel carried out STS transmissions in the Kerch Strait area with the tanker IMO 9224441, affiliated with the sanctioned russian PJSC Sovcomflot. In November 2024, in the Kerch Strait area, the tanker IMO 9332028 made an STS transmission with the russian tanker IMO 9687992, affiliated with the russian company Traveler Shipping LLC (TIN 6162052074), which owns and operates ships (in particular, IMO 8883252, IMO 9874789), involved in the theft of Ukrainian grain from the TOT of Ukraine, supply of jet fuel and other important cargo to the Middle East (to the group of russian troops in Syria in the interests of the Ministry of Defense of the russian federation), and the vessels of which call at the ports of the TOT of Crimea of Ukraine. In November 2024, in the Kerch Strait area, the tanker IMO 9332028 carried out an STS transfer with the sanctioned tanker of the russian shadow fleet IMO 9248801 (under sanctions since December 2024).
On May 20, 2025, the EU imposed sanctions, which enter into force on May 21, 2025, on the tanker for the transportation of crude oil/petroleum products originating in or exported from russia, using irregular high-risk shipping practices as specified in the International Maritime Organization General Assembly Resolution A.1192(33).
On June 03, 2025, the sanctions imposed by Switzerland on the vessel came into force.
Since December 13, 2025, Ukraine has imposed sanctions on the vessel.
On February 24, 2026, the United Kingdom imposed sanctions on the vessel.
Since March 25, 2026, Canada has imposed sanctions on the vessel.
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AGATE
Vessel name
AGATE
IMO
9310707
Flag (Current)
Equatorial Guinea Equatorial Guinea
Vessel Type
Oil Products Tanker
Category
Transportation of fossil fuels in violation of sanctions and other restrictions
icon arrow-tree Transporting russian crude oil / petroleum products
Tanker, during the period of the G7 and EU oil embargo and the price cap policy on russian crude and petroleum products, is involved in the export of russian petroleum products from russian ports on the Baltic and Black Seas to third countries, using deceptive shipping practices (turning off the AIS, conducting dark activities in the Gulf of Finland, as well as near russian ports in the Black Sea).
In particular, in February 2025, the tanker exported russian petroleum products from the port of Vysotsk to Brazil in the interests of PJSC "Lukoil". In April 2025, the vessel exported russian petroleum products from the port of Vysotsk to Turkey in the interests of PJSC "Lukoil" . In May 2025, the tanker exported russian petroleum products from the "Sheshkharis" terminal at the port of Novorossiysk to Turkey in the interests of PJSC "Lukoil".
The tanker is affiliated with the Turkish company Beks Tanker Isletmeciligi AS, which served as the vessel’s commercial and ISM manager from February 2023 to March 2024. In 2023, Beks Tanker Isletmeciligi AS was among the top three Turkish operators that transported hundreds of millions of barrels of russian crude oil and petroleum products under western sanctions. The fleet of the top three Turkish operators—Beks Tanker Isletmeciligi AS, the sanctioned Beks Gemi Isletmeciligi ve Tic and Active Denizcilik ve Gemi — collectively transported 49 million barrels of russian crude oil and petroleum products in 2023.
Since March 2024, the tanker has been managed by the Turkish company Tokyo Gemi Isletmeciligi AS. Tokyo Gemi Isletmeciligi AS shares the same registered address as two other Turkish ship management companies, Sand Gemi Isletmeciligi AS and Cape Gemi Isletmeciligi AS. In 2023 and early 2024, eight of these companies’ tankers were managed by Beks Tanker Isletmeciligi AS, and one by the sanctioned Beks Gemi Isletmeciligi ve Tic.
Since August 2025, the tanker has been managed by the Turkish company East Gemi Isletmeciligi AS, registered on August 1, 2024, in Istanbul. The founder of East Gemi Isletmeciligi AS is Turkish citizen Selahattin Ormeci (Istanbul). As of March 27, 2026, East Gemi Isletmeciligi AS manages five additional sanctioned oil tankers, which are considered part of the кussian shadow fleet and were previously managed by Beks Tanker Isletmeciligi AS and Sand Gemi Isletmeciligi AS.
Since May 21, 2025, the EU has imposed sanctions on the tanker for transporting crude oil / petroleum products originating in or exported from кussia, using irregular shipping practices involving a high degree of risk, as specified in International Maritime Organization General Assembly Resolution A.1192(33).
As of June 3, 2025, Switzerland imposed sanctions on the vessel.
On July 21, 2025, the United Kingdom imposed sanctions on the vessel.
As of December 13, 2025, Ukraine imposed sanctions on the vessel.
Since March 25, 2026, Canada has imposed sanctions on the vessel.
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WYRALON
Vessel name
WYRALON
IMO
9292589
Flag (Current)
Sierra Leone Sierra Leone
Vessel Type
Crude Oil Tanker
Category
Transportation of fossil fuels in violation of sanctions and other restrictions
icon arrow-tree Transporting russian crude oil / petroleum products
The tanker during the period of the G7 and EU oil embargo and the price cap policy on russian crude oil/petroleum products is involved in the export of russian crude oil/petroleum products.
The tanker is affiliated with the Turkish company Beks Tanker Isletmeciligi AS, which was the vessel's manager from November 2021 to March 2024. Beks Tanker Isletmeciligi AS is one of the top three ranking Turkish operators, which in 2023 provided transportation of hundreds of millions of barrels of russian crude oil and petroleum products. The fleet of the Turkish top three - Beks Tanker Isletmeciligi AS and the sanctioned Beks Gemi Isletmeciligi ve Tic and Active Denizcilik ve Gemi - transported a total of 49 million barrels of russian crude oil/petroleum products in 2023. Since March 2024, the tanker has been managed by the Turkish company Cape Gemi Isletmeciligi AS. Cape Gemi Isletmeciligi AS has the same legal address as two other Turkish ship managers, Sand Gemi Isletmeciligi AS and Tokyo Gemi Isletmeciligi AS. Eight tankers of these companies were operated by Beks Tanker Isletmeciligi AS in 2023 and early 2024, and one tanker was operated by the sanctioned Beks Gemi Isletmeciligi ve Tic.
On May 20, 2025, the United Kingdom imposed sanctions on the tanker as part of the restrictions on the shadow fleet of the russian federation, including for engaging in activities aimed at destabilizing Ukraine, undermining/threatening the territorial integrity, sovereignty or independence of Ukraine or benefiting from or supporting the government of russia, and participating in the transportation of crude oil/petroleum products of russian origin, in particular, from russia to a third country.
On May 20, 2025, the EU imposed sanctions, which enter into force on May 21, 2025, on the tanker for the transportation of crude oil/petroleum products originating in or exported from russia, using irregular high-risk shipping practices as specified in the International Maritime Organization General Assembly Resolution A.1192(33).
On June 03, 2025, the sanctions imposed by Switzerland on the vessel came into force.
Since December 13, 2025, Ukraine has imposed sanctions on the vessel.
On February 21, 2026, Ukraine imposed sanctions on the master of the vessel.
On February 24, 2026, Australia imposed sanctions on the vessel.
Since March 25, 2026, Canada has imposed sanctions on the vessel.
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